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PEERAGE |
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Last updated 22/12/2017 |
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| Date |
Rank |
Order |
Name |
Born |
Died |
Age |
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QUARENDON |
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| 5 Jun 1674 |
V |
1 |
Edward Henry Lee |
c 1656 |
14 Jul 1716 |
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Created Baron of Spelsbury,Viscount |
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Quarendon and Earl of the City of |
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Lichfield 5 Jun 1674 |
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See
"Lichfield" |
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QUEENBOROUGH |
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| 18 Jan 1918 |
B |
1 |
Almeric Hugh Paget |
14 Mar 1861 |
22 Sep 1949 |
88 |
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Created Baron Queenborough |
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| 22 Sep 1949 |
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18 Jan 1918 |
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MP for Cambridge 1910-1917 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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QUEENSBERRY |
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| 13 Jun 1633 |
E[S] |
1 |
William Douglas |
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8 Mar 1640 |
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Created Lord Douglas of Hawick and |
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Viscount of Drumlanrig 1 Apr 1628,and |
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Lord Douglas of Hawick,Viscount of |
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Drumlanrig and Earl of Queensberry |
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13 Jun 1633 |
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| 8 Mar 1640 |
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2 |
James Douglas |
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1671 |
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| 1671 |
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3 |
William Douglas |
1637 |
28 Mar 1695 |
57 |
| 11 Feb 1682 |
M[S] |
1 |
Created Lord Douglas of Kinmont, |
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| 3 Nov 1684 |
D[S] |
1 |
Viscount of Nith,Torthorwald and |
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Ross,Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar |
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and Marquess of Queensberry |
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11 Feb 1682,and Lord Douglas of |
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Kinmont,Viscount
of Nith,Torthorwald |
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and Ross,Earl of Drumlanrig and |
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Sanquhar,Marquess of Dumfriesshire |
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and Duke of Queensberry 3 Nov 1684 |
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High Treasurer [S] 1682-1686 PC 1685 |
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| 28 Mar 1695 |
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2 |
James Douglas |
18 Sep 1662 |
6 Jul 1711 |
48 |
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KG 1701 PC 1708 |
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He was created Duke of Dover (qv) in 1707. |
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On his death the Marquessate passed to |
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James Douglas (see next entry) |
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| 6 Jul 1711 |
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3 |
Charles Douglas
(also 2nd Duke of Dover) |
24 Nov 1698 |
22 Oct 1778 |
79 |
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Created Lord Douglas,Viscount of |
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Tiberris and Earl of Solway |
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17 Jun 1707 |
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Lord Lieutenant Dumfries and Kircudbright |
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1721. PC 1726 |
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He succeeded to the Marquessate in 1715. |
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On his death the creations of 1707 became |
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extinct |
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| 22 Oct 1778 |
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4 |
William Douglas |
16 Dec 1724 |
23 Dec 1810 |
86 |
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Created Baron Douglas of Amesbury |
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21 Aug 1786 |
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KT 1763. Lord
Lieutenant Dumfries |
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1794-1810 |
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For further information on this peer, see the |
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note at the foot of this page. |
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On his death the Marquessate passed to his |
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cousin (see below) and the Dukedom |
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passed to - |
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| 23 Dec 1810 |
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5 |
Henry Scott |
2 Sep 1746 |
11 Jan 1812 |
65 |
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He had previously succeeded to the Dukedom |
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of Buccleuch (qv) in 1751 with which title this |
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peerage became united and still remains so |
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| 11 Feb 1682 |
M[S] |
1 |
William Douglas,3rd Earl of Queensberry |
1637 |
28 Mar 1695 |
57 |
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Created Marquess of Queensberry |
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11 Feb 1682 |
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| 28 Mar 1695 |
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2 |
James Douglas,2nd Duke of Queensberry |
18 Sep 1662 |
6 Jul 1711 |
48 |
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| 6 Jul 1711 |
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3 |
James Douglas |
2 Nov 1697 |
17 Feb 1715 |
17 |
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For further information on this peer, see the |
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note at the foot of this page. |
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| 17 Feb 1715 |
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4 |
Charles Douglas,3rd Duke of Queensberry |
24 Nov 1698 |
22 Oct 1778 |
79 |
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| 22 Oct 1778 |
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5 |
William Douglas,4th Duke of Queensberry |
16 Dec 1724 |
23 Dec 1810 |
86 |
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| 23 Dec 1810 |
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6 |
Sir Charles Douglas,5th baronet |
Mar 1777 |
3 Dec 1837 |
60 |
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KT 1821. Lord Lieutenant Dumfries |
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1819-1837 |
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| 3 Dec 1837 |
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7 |
John Douglas |
1779 |
19 Dec 1856 |
77 |
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Lord Lieutenant Dumfries 1837-1856 |
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| 19 Dec 1856 |
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8 |
Archibald William Douglas |
18 Apr 1818 |
6 Aug 1858 |
40 |
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MP for Dumfries 1847-1856.
PC 1853 |
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Lord Lieutenant Dumfries 1856-1858 |
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For further information on this peer, see the |
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note at the foot of this page. |
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| 6 Aug 1858 |
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9 |
John Sholto Douglas |
20 Jul 1844 |
31 Jan 1900 |
55 |
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| 31 Jan 1900 |
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10 |
Percy Sholto Douglas |
13 Oct 1868 |
1 Aug 1920 |
51 |
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For further information on this peer, see the |
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note at the foot of this page. |
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| 1 Aug 1920 |
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11 |
Francis Archibald Kelhead Douglas |
17 Jan 1896 |
27 Apr 1954 |
58 |
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| 27 Apr 1954 |
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12 |
David Harrington Angus Douglas |
19 Dec 1929 |
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QUENINGTON |
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| 22 Feb 1915 |
V |
1 |
Michael Edward Hicks-Beach |
23 Oct 1837 |
30 Apr 1916 |
78 |
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Created Viscount Quenington and |
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Earl St.Aldwyn 22 Feb 1915 |
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See "St.Aldwyn" |
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QUIBELL |
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| 7 Jul 1945 |
B |
1 |
David John Kinsley Quibell |
21 Dec 1879 |
16 Apr 1962 |
82 |
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Created Baron Quibell 7 Jul 1945 |
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| 16 Apr 1962 |
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MP for Brigg 1929-1931 and 1935-1945 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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QUICKSWOOD |
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| 25 Jan 1941 |
B |
1 |
Lord Hugh Richard
Heathcote |
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Gascoyne-Cecil |
14 Oct 1869 |
10 Dec 1956 |
87 |
| 10 Dec 1956 |
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Created Baron Quickswood 25 Jan 1941 |
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MP for Greenwich 1895-1906 and Oxford |
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University 1910-1937.
PC 1918 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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For further information on this peer, see the note |
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at the foot of this page. |
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QUIN |
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| 30 May 2006 |
B[L] |
1 |
Joyce Gwendolen Quin |
26 Nov 1944 |
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Created Baroness Quin for life 30 May 2006 |
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MP for Gateshead East 1987-1997 and Gateshead |
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East and Washington West 1997-2005. PC 1998 |
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Minister of State Home Office 1997-1998. Minister |
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of State Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1998- |
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1999. Minister of State Agriculture Fisheries and |
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Food 1999-2001 |
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QUINTON |
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| 7 Feb 1983 |
B[L] |
1 |
Anthony Meredith Quinton |
25 Mar 1925 |
19 Jun 2010 |
85 |
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Created Baron Quinton for life 7 Feb 1983 |
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| 19 Jun 2010 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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QUIRK |
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| 12 Jul 1994 |
B[L] |
1 |
Charles Randolph Quirk |
12 Jul 1920 |
20 Dec 2017 |
97 |
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Created Baron Quirk for life 12 Jul 1994 |
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| 20 Dec 2017 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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James Douglas,3rd Marquess of Queensberry |
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In 1684, William Douglas, 1st Marquess of
Queensberry, had been created Duke of Queensberry, |
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together with a whole raft of subsidiary titles.
On his death in 1695, he was succeeded by his |
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son,
James Douglas, 2nd Marquess and 2nd Duke of Queensberry. The second Duke's
eldest |
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son, William, died an infant in 1696, leaving
his second son, James, as heir to the titles. |
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At a very young age it became apparent that
James was a dangerous imbecile. He was, |
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however, next in line to the titles until, in
1706, his father arranged for a novodamus [i.e. a |
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re-granting] of his titles that had been created
in 1684, but with remainder to his third son, |
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Charles, thus bypassing the second son, James.
However, this novodamus did not affect the |
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Marquessate of Queensberry, which had been
created in 1682. As a result, when the 2nd Duke |
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died in 1711, the title of Duke of Queensberry
passed to Charles, while the Marquessate was |
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inherited by James. |
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The wisdom of obtaining the novodamus became
apparent in 1707, when James, who was aged |
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only nine, was found to be a homicidal maniac.
Although he had been kept locked up during his |
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childhood, in 1707 he managed to escape, after
being left unattended when his keepers took |
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themselves
off to view the riots in Edinburgh that had been caused by the Act of Union.
He |
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took advantage of their absence by slaughtering
a young kitchen scullion, whom he then |
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proceeded to place on a spit and roast, before
beginning to eat him until he was discovered. |
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Not surprisingly, for the rest of his short
life, James was known as 'the cannibalistic Earl.' [At |
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the time, his courtesy title was Earl of
Drumlanrig] He died in February 1715, at the age of 17. |
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William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry ['Old Q'] |
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Queensberry was the son of William Douglas, 2nd
Earl of March of the 1697 creation and Ann |
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Hamilton,
nee Douglas, Countess of Ruglen in her own right. He was only six when his
father |
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died
and he grew up wild, with no use for education, longing only for the day when
he could |
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throw himself into the world of fashion and
gambling, and in particular, the world of the Turf. |
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By
the time he was 21, he had put together a small but excellent stud. In his
first racing |
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season,
he saddled up only three horses, but they all won. Eventually, Queensberry
earned the |
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reputation as the finest judge of horseflesh in
the land. Not only did he run his own horses, but |
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he rode them as well, becoming a first-rate jockey. |
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When the Jockey Club acquired the Newmarket
estate, he purchased a mansion overlooking the |
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course from which he could watch the form of
rival horses and so increase his chances of |
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winning.
He is credited with being the first owner to have his jockeys 'ride to
orders'. His |
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favourite jockey, Dick Goodison, was always
riding to orders whenever Queensberry's inveterate |
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enemy,
the Duke of Bedford, had an entry in a
race. His orders were to beat Bedford's horse |
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at
all costs. After one of these races, Bedford's jockey, Chifney, accused
Goodison of |
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deliberately
crossing into his path and slashed Goodison across the face with his
whip. |
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Queensberry
suggested that the two jockeys should fight it out in the ring at the end of
the |
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racing
season, and immediately wagered 10,000 guineas on his jockey. For the rest of
the |
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season,
Goodison was trained by a professional bare-knuckle pugilist. Queensberry
increased |
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his
bets to £25,000 and cleaned up when Goodison battered Chifney into bloody
defeat. When |
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a
gang tried to bribe one of his jockeys, Queensberry told the lad to accept
the bribe, and |
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then rode the horse himself to win, after
accepting all the bets laid by the gang. |
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Queensberry's strong suit was making unusual
bets. Gamblers tumbled over each other to |
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take him on when he bet he could have a letter
conveyed 50 miles in an hour - two and half |
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times
quicker than anyone had ever travelled. After taking all the bets,
Queensberry spaced a |
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team of 20 cricketers in a half-mile circle,
gave them a cricket ball with the letter sewn inside |
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and
had them throw it from hand to hand around the circle. He won his bet with
minutes to |
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spare. Another time, when heavy coaches could
only lumber along at little more than five miles |
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an
hour, he bet that he could produce four horses that would draw a four-wheeled
carriage |
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and a man at 19 miles an hour. Again, the
gamblers rushed to take him, and again he won, by |
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designing
a light skeleton chassis with no body and the seat slung on leather straps.
The |
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horses completed the course with seven minutes
to spare. |
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Although
he had little expectation of ever succeeding to the Dukedom of Queensberry,
two |
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timely
deaths cleared his path. The heir to the Dukedom was found shot dead in his
coach, |
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presumably
a suicide. The next heir died shortly afterwards. Thus in 1778, the Dukedom
fell into |
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his lap. He did, however, lose one of his
positions - he had been Lord of the Bedchamber to |
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George
III and, when the King first became insane, Queensberry had bet that he would
not |
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recover; when he did, the King was
understandably put out with Queensberry and he had to go |
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to
the Continent until the King's anger subsided. On another occasion,
Queensberry bet a man |
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named
Pigot that Pigot's father would die before a certain other old man. Unknown
to either |
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party,
Pigot senior had died before the bet was made and the younger Pigot refused
to honour |
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his
debt on the principle that, as his horse was scratched, all bets were off.
Queensberry took |
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Pigot to court and won. |
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The other major aspect of Queensberry's career
was as a womanizer. He started this career |
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with an Italian countess who, rumour had it, had
been deserted by her husband. His next love |
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was
an exquisite 15-year-old opera star known as 'the Zamparini', followed by two
further |
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opera
stars, 'the Rena' and 'the Tondino'. While these were willing game, some of
his other |
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romantic
adventures would have placed him in prison today. He virtually kidnapped a
West End |
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seamstress, who was in love with a naval
officer. Queensberry broke up her romance by bribing |
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his way into her room when she was not there and
sitting in the window in his nightshirt, so |
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that when the naval officer passed, he supposed
she had fallen for Queensberry's charms and |
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dropped her. When the officer failed to keep
their next tryst, the girl was heartbroken and |
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Queensberry, on the pretext of taking her to
meet her lover, had her conveyed to one of his |
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mansions where a sleeping draught in a glass of
wine is said to have helped him achieve his |
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wicked way with her. |
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The passion of his life was the Marchesa
Fagniani. Report says that he disputed the paternity |
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of her daughter with his friend George Selwyn
[MP for Ludgershall 1747-1754 and Gloucester |
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1754-1780] and settled it by the toss of a coin.
When the Marchesa later married the Earl of |
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Yarmouth, Queensberry wantonly denuded his
Scottish estates of timber so that he could leave |
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her a substantial amount of money. Such an
action incensed Robert Burns, who savagely |
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attacked Queensberry in a number of poems. |
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At
age 80, he was intimate with a Mrs Billington, from whom he declared he was
taking 'singing |
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lessons', while at 85 he was madly in love with
a dusky beauty known as 'the Hottentot Venus.' |
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It is difficult to believe that his female
companions were attracted to him physically. He was by |
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no means handsome, having a close resemblance to
'Mr. Punch'. Robert Raikes, founder of
the |
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Sunday
School Movement, described him as 'a little sharp-looking man, very
irritable, who |
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swore like ten thousand troopers, used rouge,
took snuff and was alternatively generous and |
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mean, tolerant and petulant, chivalrous and vain.' |
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Archibald William Douglas, 8th Marquess of
Queensberry |
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The following article is from 'The Times' of 10
August 1858. |
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'The sad news reached this town [Dumfries] today
[7 August] that the Marquis of Queensberry |
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had, on the preceding afternoon, shot himself by
accident in the grounds around his seat at |
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Kinmount, where he had arrived on the 5th inst.
from London. The intelligence proved too true; |
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and the dreadful occurrence, as far as we have
learnt, took place under the following circum- |
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stances. |
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'His Lordship was noticed to be in excellent
spirits as well as health since his arrival from the |
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South, and, before going out yesterday, he
indulged in a little characteristic pleasantry with his |
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eldest daughter; the Marchioness and other
members of the family being at Moffat. He |
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mentioned
that he was going out to shoot rabbits, and asked his daughter to accompany
him; |
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but she having stated that she had to go to a
neighbouring railway station, to receive her |
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mother on returning home, his Lordship, taking
his gun, went out alone, about 2 o'clock p.m. |
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'The Marquis was observed by some men working in
the grounds to shoot a crow, and they |
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afterwards heard several shots. The last shot
they heard was about half-past 3 o'clock, and at |
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4
his Lordship's cousins, Mr Johnstone Douglas, of Lockerbie, and that
gentleman's brother, |
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who
have been residing at Glen Stuart, came to the men, inquiring if they had
seen his |
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Lordship,
and were directed by them towards the place where he had been last seen
going. |
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The two gentlemen proceeded a little further
down the grounds, and were overwhelmed with |
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horror
on discovering the body of his Lordship prostrate on the earth and covered
with blood. |
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Life
was found to be quite extinct, and the limbs were beginning to stiffen. A
gunshot wound |
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pierced
the left breast through the back in a slanting direction - the death-wound,
doubtless, |
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of the unfortunate young nobleman, and through
which the life blood had flowed by which he |
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was covered. |
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'The
gun, a double-barrelled one, was found lying by his side, one of the barrels
empty; and it |
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is
supposed that when loading the emptied barrel the piece had unexpectedly gone
off and |
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caused instant death. The body was borne back to
Kinmount amid the wailings of the |
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household,
thus so suddenly deprived of its chief and head. The lamentable occurrence
has |
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caused general sorrow in the district, where his
Lordship was highly popular.' |
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******************* |
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Unfortunately,
violent death and scandal seemed to stalk the members of the Douglas
family |
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during the second half of the 19th century. |
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The 8th Marquess was succeeded by his eldest son
John Sholto Douglas, who merits a |
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separate note of his own. Of the two other sons
of the 8th Marquess…. |
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Lord Francis William Bouverie Douglas was a
member of the expedition which first conquered |
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the Matterhorn on 14 July 1865. On the descent
however, four of the party, including Lord |
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Francis, fell 1400m to their deaths. He was only
18 at the time and his body was never found. |
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Lord James Edward Sholto Douglas committed
suicide by cutting his throat with a razor in |
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the North Western Hotel at Euston Station in
London on 5 May 1891. Contemporary reports |
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state that Lord James suffered from bouts of
depression - one report states that 'his lordship |
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travelled from Ireland last night , and acted so
strangely on the steamer, that the London and |
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North Western railway officials ordered a man to
accompany him from Holyhead to Euston.' |
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Lord James had previously appeared in court in
June 1887, charged with breaching an order of |
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the
court and his own personal undertaking to cease 'stalking' a wealthy young
lady named |
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Mabel Edith Scott. |
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The 9th Marquess' eldest son, created Baron
Kelhead in 1893, was killed by a gunshot in |
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October
1894. See the note under the Barony of Kelhead for further details. The
sister of the |
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9th
Marquess, Lady Florence Dixie (and twin sister of Lord James), created a
sensation in April |
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1883
when she claimed she had been kidnapped by Irish agitators - see under the
Dixie |
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baronetcy for further details. |
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Percy Sholto Douglas, 10th Marquess of
Queensberry |
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Queensberry
was in court in 1914 after he ran amok in a rural hotel. The following
report |
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appeared in 'The Times' on 30 July 1914:- |
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'Remarkable scenes at a village hotel in Essex
were described in an action for trespass and |
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breach of contract against Lord Queensberry, at
the Middlesex Sheriff's Court yesterday. The |
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plaintiffs were John William Phillips, the
licensee of the Hoy Hotel, South Benfleet, and his |
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wife, Anne Phillips. Mr. F. Newbolt appeared for
the plaintiffs, and Mr. D. Figur defended. The |
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jury
assessed the damages against the defendant at £150 inclusive. |
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Mr. Newbolt said that the defendant did not
dispute that by reason of his acts certain trespass |
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had been committed and damage caused the
innkeeper and his wife. Their household goods |
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had
been destroyed and injured to the amount of £13 12s., and there was no
dispute as to |
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that. The damage which was disputed was in
regard to what the plaintiff and his wife had |
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suffered by what Mr. Newbolt described as
"trespass of a most extraordinary and aggravated |
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character
- almost without parallel." |
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"The tale I have to unfold is a most
remarkable one," continued Mr. Newbolt. "On Sunday, May |
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10, a gentleman and a lady, whom the plaintiffs
took to be husband and wife, came as ordinary |
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visitors to the hotel. They asked for supper and
a room just as any other couple would ask for |
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a room. The lady had some tea, and the
gentleman, whom we now know as the Marquess of |
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Queensberry,
had four bottles of beer. At an early hour they retired to bed, and later Mr.
and |
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Mrs. Phillips closed the house in the ordinary
course of business and went to bed. It is not |
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necessary, of course, for me to remind you that
when you take rooms at a hotel you are |
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required to observe the ordinary rules of decent
conduct and are obliged to confine yourself |
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to those parts of the house which are public to
all guests, and for a man, be he a commoner |
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or anyone else, to force his way into the
bedroom of a married couple keeping the hotel with |
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such violence as to hurl a chair across the
bedroom calls for the strongest condemnation. This |
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is what the marquess did. |
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"At 4 o'clock in the morning, dressed only
in his vest, he forced his way into their bedroom |
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while they were in bed together. With such
violence did he force his way into the room that a |
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chair inside the door was hurled across the room
and smashed a toilet set. Then the defendant |
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rushed out, dashed downstairs, broke open the
house door, smashed the windows of the |
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billiard room, and destroyed bottles and
glasses. Covered with blood, he then rushed, clad only |
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in
his vest, along the street. The lady with him, who was no more his wife than
she was |
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anybody else's wife, came out of her bedroom in
a state of considerable alarm. The defendant |
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had to be arrested by a constable, and was then
taken back to the hotel and forcibly dressed, |
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then taken to a hospital, from which his friends
subsequently removed him. |
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'Mr.
Newbolt went on to explain that in order to enable the young woman who
had |
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accompanied
the defendant to return to London, the plaintiffs had lent her a small sum
of |
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money. Eventually Lord Queensberry came to his
senses and thought there would be something |
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to pay, at any rate for the glass, and so he
sent a friend to pay that damage - a friend with |
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a foreign name, who gave a cheque for £10. On
being presented that cheque was dishonoured. |
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Detailing the actual damage Mr. Newbolt said
that the defendant, after rushing out and before |
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being captured by the police, returned to the
bedroom, got into the bed he had occupied, then |
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after spoiling the sheets with bloodstains from
cuts on his hands and arms, he got into the |
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other
bed, spoiling that in the same way. As a result of his conduct Mrs. Phillips
and her |
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daughter had suffered considerably from nerves. |
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'The male plaintiff, in evidence supporting the
foregoing statement, said the defendant began |
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to say something about his brother, but he could
not tell what it was. He rambled a lot. The |
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witness told the defendant if he did not clear
out of the bedroom he would "shoot" him out. |
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The defendant then dashed downstairs, knocking
over boxes of bottles, glasses and siphons, |
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and
putting his fist through the windows of the billiard room. |
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'Asked what opinion he had formed of the
defendant when he dashed into his bedroom the |
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witness replied, "I considered he was 'up
the pole.' " (Laughter.) The Under-Sheriff - "Do you |
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mean he had been drinking?" The witness
said the defendant had only four bottles of beer in |
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his house. He said he was the Marquess of
Queensberry, but the witness thought perhaps he |
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had been taking a part in a sketch. His
behaviour was like that of a character in one of |
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Karno's sketches. (Laughter.) |
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'Asked if the marquess made a second attempt to
enter the house before he was captured by |
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the
constable, the witness said he did not, adding, "I was behind the door
with a poker, and |
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if he had tried to come in he would not be where
he is now. I don't see him here, and I don't |
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know where he is." In further evidence
witness said that the defendant was afterwards taken |
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into the hotel, where it took three men to
forcibly dress him. He was afterwards taken to |
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Rochford Workhouse Infirmary. |
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'In cross-examination, witness said that the
defendant was not drunk at the time. He seemed |
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to be getting over a drinking bout, and had a
bad attack of "D[elerium] T[remen]'s." |
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'Police-constable Monk, who effected the
capture, stated that the defendant was taken to |
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the workhouse infirmary and placed in the mental
detention ward. |
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'For the defence a Russian witness, who had on
the defendant's behalf given the plaintiffs a |
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cheque for £10, stated that the cheque was
subsequently stopped and was not dishonoured. |
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The reason he stopped it was, he said, because
plaintiffs had written defendant asking for |
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further compensation for damage. |
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'Mr. Figur contended that the cheque for £10 was
accepted in settlement of the matter until |
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the plaintiffs discovered the real identity of
the defendant. When they found that he was |
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the Marquess of Queensberry they said it was not
enough and endeavoured to get a more |
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substantial sum. On behalf of his client every
effort had, he said, been made to make just |
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reparation, but the other side had sought
publicity in the endeavour to make more out of |
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it than they were really entitled to. |
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'In answer to the Under-Sheriff, Mr. Figur said
the defendant was an undischarged bankrupt. |
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As stated, the jury assessed the inclusive
damages at £150.' |
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Lord Hugh Richard Heathcote Gascoyne-Cecil,
Baron Quickswood |
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Note that, correctly pronounced, Cecil rhymes
with "thistle". |
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Lord Hugh was the fifth son of the third
Marquess of Salisbury, three-times Prime Minister |
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under
Queen Victoria and King Edward VII. He held unconventional views that he
adhered to |
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throughout his life. One of these was that
gentlemen didn't grow beards. Once, when he met |
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his cousin Algernon Cecil, Lord Hugh asked why
Algernon was wearing one. "Our Lord wore a |
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beard",
Algernon reminded him. "Our Lord wasn't a gentleman", replied Lord
Hugh. |
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As MP for Greenwich between 1895 and 1906, he
was fanatical in opposing any attempt to |
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pass the Deceased Wife's Sister Marriage Act.
Previously, it was forbidden for a man to marry |
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the sister of his deceased wife. Lord Hugh
frustrated all attempts to reform this situation, |
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denouncing any such marriage as "an act of
sexual vice as immoral as concubinage." When he |
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discovered that his brother Robert's next-door
neighbour in Sussex had married his deceased |
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wife's sister, he persuaded Robert to ostracize
him. The neighbour took his revenge by planting |
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a line of trees along the boundaries of his
estate, thereby shutting off Cecil's view of the |
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South Downs. In any event, Lord Hugh failed in
his crusade and the Deceased Wife's Sister |
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Marriage Act was passed in 1907. |
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During this early part of his life, Lord Hugh
was leader of a group known as 'the Hughligans', |
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a group of privileged young Tory MPs who were
critical of their own party's leadership. Winston |
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Churchill was a member for a short time, and
Lord Hugh was best man at Churchill's wedding to |
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Clementine Hozier in 1908. |
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Another of Lord Hugh's beliefs was that Sussex
was infested with poisonous snakes. He advised |
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residents 'not to sit in the garden unless on a
very high chair. I have been told that snakes find |
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the sound of the human voice disagreeable, so
you must talk loudly all the time - reciting |
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poetry perhaps.' |
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In 1936, Lord Hugh became Provost of Eton
College. This enabled him to indulge in another |
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hobby-horse, being his lifelong contempt for
schoolmasters. During World War II, Eton's |
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headmaster, Claude Elliott, advocated the
construction of air-raid shelters for the students, |
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but Lord Hugh denounced this proposal as
smacking of hysteria. In a letter to The Times, |
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he asked 'would it matter a jot if a theatre
full of people were bombed?' He informed Elliott |
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that, as headmaster, he was responsible for
teaching and discipline only, to which Elliott |
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responded by asking 'How can I possibly teach or
discipline the boys if they are dead?' |
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In the end, the school's governing body voted
for shelters and, from then on, Provost and |
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Headmaster were not on speaking terms. In
December 1940, a bomb landed on the head- |
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master's house, but failed to explode. Lord Hugh
went to the house to inspect the damage. |
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He poked the bomb with his umbrella, shouting
"It's dud! It’s a dud!" whereupon the bomb |
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exploded, but without causing any injuries. |
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Lord Hugh lived to see his nemesis, Claude
Elliott, become Provost of Eton College in 1949. |
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*************** |
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Even more eccentric was Lord Hugh's elder
brother, Lord William Gascoyne-Cecil (1863-1936). |
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He, too, sat in the House of Lords as Bishop of
Exeter between 1916 and 1936. Nicknamed |
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'Fish' by his family, he married Lady Florence
Bootle-Wilbraham, daughter of the first Earl of |
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Lathom. She was invariably known as 'Fluffy.' |
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Fluffy seems to have been the more social of the
pair, and Lord William usually relied on her to |
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carry
him through social events. Sometimes, he would fall deeply asleep. On one
occasion, |
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when making a courtesy call on important new
members of his flock, Fluffy decided that the |
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visit had lasted an acceptable time. 'Well', she
said to their hostess, 'we must be going now. |
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We
only dropped in to say "How do you do?' ". Lord William, waking
with a start, heard only the |
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last words. He jumped up and held out his hand.
'How do you do?" he said. He followed his wife |
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to the front door and, thinking that they had
just arrived, he wiped his shoes on the mat, |
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returned to the drawing room, sat down and
promptly fell asleep again. |
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Lord
William was equally eccentric at both his home and in church. He kept a
supply of |
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crumpets
to feed to the rats and a supply of powdered copper sulphate, which he would
throw |
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into
the fireplace to turn the flames green. Once, while donning his robes in the
vestry before a |
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service,
he held a handkerchief between his teeth, but forgot to return it to his
pocket and |
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proceeded to the altar with the handkerchief
still hanging from his mouth. |
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When at home, Lord William would have nothing to
do with money, but, when he and his family |
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(he had seven children) went abroad, he wore a
money belt in order to defeat pickpockets. |
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Unfortunately, he often tied the belt on
upside-down, resulting in the loss of all of his money |
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and tickets. The family regularly went to
southern France, often by bicycle. His cycling uniform |
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was a pair of yellow glasses and a brown silk
suit, topped by a broad-brimmed hat. Because he |
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believed that the colour red prevented sunburn,
the children were dressed in red, dresses for |
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the girls and shirts for the boys. |
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When he became Bishop of Exeter, he refused to
live in the Bishop's Palace, preferring to travel |
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to work by bicycle from a small house outside
the city. The bicycle was painted orange so that |
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he could recognize it when it was parked among
other bicycles. Even this did not prevent him |
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from making mistakes. On one occasion, he
discovered when he was halfway home that he was |
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riding a woman's bicycle, painted black. He
immediately pedalled back to Exeter, apologised to |
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its owner and, raising his hat, climbed back on
to the black bicycle and pedalled away. |
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