PEERAGE
Last updated 14/10/2025
Date Rank Order Name Born Died  Age
LINKLATER OF BUTTERSTONE
1 Nov 1997 B[L] 1 Veronica Linklater 15 Apr 1943 15 Dec 2022
to Created Baroness Linklater of Butterstone
15 Dec 2022 for life 1 Nov 1997
Peerage extinct on her death
LINLEY
6 Oct 1961 V 1 Anthony Charles Robert Armstrong-Jones 7 Mar 1930
Created Earl of Snowdon and Viscount 
Linley 6 Oct 1961
See "Snowdon"
LINLITHGOW
15 Nov 1600 E[S] 1 Alexander Livingston,7th Lord Livingston 5 Feb 1623
Created Lord Livingston and Calendar
and Earl of Linlithgow 15 Nov 1600
5 Feb 1623 2 Alexander Livingston c 1650
c 1650 3 George Livingston Jul 1616 1 Feb 1690 73
1 Feb 1690 4 George Livingston 7 Aug 1695
7 Aug 1695 5 James Livingston 25 Apr 1723
to     He was attainted and the peerages forfeited
1716
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27 Oct 1902 M 1 John Adrian Louis Hope,7th Earl of Hopetoun 25 Sep 1860 29 Feb 1908 47
Created Marquess of Linlithgow
27 Oct 1902
Governor of Victoria 1889-1895. Paymaster
General 1895-1898. Governor General of
Australia 1901-1902. Secretary of State
for Scotland 1905.  PC 1895. KT 1900
29 Feb 1908 2 Victor Alexander John Hope 24 Sep 1887 5 Jan 1952 64
Viceroy of India 1936-1943. Lord Lieutenant West 
Lothian 1929-1952. KT 1928  PC 1935  KG 1943
5 Jan 1952 3 Charles William Frederick Hope 7 Apr 1912 7 Apr 1987 75
Lord Lieutenant West Lothian 1964-1985
7 Apr 1987 4 Adrian John Charles Hope 1 Jul 1946
LINTON AND CABERSTON
23 Jun 1633 B[S] 1 John Stewart,1st Lord Stewart of Traquair c 1600 27 Mar 1659
Created Lord Linton and Caberston and
Earl of Traquair 23 Jun 1633
See "Traquair"
LIPSEY
30 Jul 1999 B[L] 1 David Lawrence Lipsey 21 Apr 1948 1 Jul 2025 77
to Created Baron Lipsey for life 30 Jul 1999
1 Jul 2025 Peerage extinct on his death
LISBURNE
29 Jan 1685 V[I] 1 Adam Loftus 15 Sep 1691
to     Created Baron of Rathfarnam and
15 Sep 1691 Viscount Lisburne 29 Jan 1685
PC [I] 1685
Peerages extinct on his death
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
5 Jun 1695 V[I] 1 John Vaughan 7 Dec 1667 20 Mar 1721 53
Created Baron Fethard and Viscount
Lisburne 5 Jun 1695
MP for Cardiganshire 1694-1698. Lord 
Lieutenant Cardigan 1715-1721
20 Mar 1721 2 John Vaughan c 1695 15 Jan 1741
MP for Cardiganshire 1727-1734. Lord
Lieutenant Cardigan 1721-1741
15 Jan 1741 3 Wilmot Vaughan 19 Jan 1766
Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1744-1762
19 Jan 1766 4 Wilmot Vaughan c 1730 6 Jan 1800
18 Jul 1776 E[I] 1 Created Earl of Lisburne 18 Jul 1776
MP for Cardiganshire 1755-1761 and 1768-
1796 and Berwick upon Tweed 1765-1768.
Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1762-1800
6 Jan 1800 2 Wilmot Vaughan 9 May 1755 6 May 1820 64
6 May 1820 3 John Vaughan 3 Mar 1769 18 May 1831 62
MP for Cardigan 1796-1818
18 May 1831 4 Ernest Augustus Vaughan 30 Oct 1800 8 Nov 1873 73
MP for Cardiganshire 1854-1859
8 Nov 1873 5 Ernest Augustus Malet Vaughan 26 Jun 1836 31 Mar 1888 51
31 Mar 1888 6 Arthur Henry George Vaughan 30 Jul 1862 4 Sep 1899 57
4 Sep 1899 7 Ernest Edmund Henry Malet Vaughan 8 Feb 1892 30 Jun 1965 73
Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1923-1956
30 Jun 1965 8 John David Malet Vaughan 1 Sep 1918 2 Sep 2014 96
2 Sep 2014 9 David John Francis Malet Vaughan 15 Jun 1945
LISGAR
26 Oct 1870 B 1 Sir John Young,2nd baronet 31 Aug 1807 6 Oct 1876 69
to     Created Baron Lisgar 26 Oct 1870
6 Oct 1876 MP for Cavan 1831-1855. Governor of New
South Wales 1860-1867. Governor General
of Canada 1868-1872. Lord Lieutenant
Cavan 1871-1876. PC 1852. PC [I] 1852
Peerage extinct on his death
LISLE
29 Dec 1299 B 1 John de Lisle c 1304
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Lisle 29 Dec 1299
c 1304 2 John de Lisle c 1281 c 1337
to     Peerage extinct on his death
c 1337
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
19 Dec 1311 B 1 Robert de Lisle 4 Jan 1343
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Lisle 19 Dec 1311
4 Jan 1343 2 John de Lisle 1319 14 Oct 1356 37
KG 1348
14 Oct 1356 3 Robert de Lisle 1334 c 1399
to     Peerage extinct on his death
c 1399
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
15 Dec 1357 B 1 Gerard de Lisle 1305 9 Jun 1360 54
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Lisle 15 Dec 1357
9 Jun 1360 2 Warine de Lisle 1333 28 Jun 1382 48
28 Jun 1382 3 Margaret de Berkeley c 1360 20 Mar 1392
20 Mar 1392 4 Elizabeth Beauchamp 1387 c 1420
to     On her death the peerage fell into abeyance
c 1420
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30 Oct 1451 V 1 John Talbot c 1423 20 Jul 1453
Created Lord Lisle 26 Jul 1444 and
Viscount Lisle 30 Oct 1451
20 Jul 1453 2 Thomas Talbot 1443 20 Mar 1470 26
to     On his death the Viscountcy became extinct
20 Mar 1470 whilst the Barony fell into abeyance
For further information on this peer, and the
Battle of Nibley Green in particular, see the
note at the foot of the page containing details
of the Berkeley peerages.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
28 Jun 1483 V 1 Edward Grey 17 Jul 1492
Created Baron Lisle 14 Mar 1475 and
Viscount Lisle 28 Jun 1483
17 Jul 1492 2 John Grey 1481 9 Sep 1504 23
to     Peerage extinct on his death
9 Sep 1504
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15 May 1513 V 1 Charles Brandon c 1484 22 Aug 1545
to     Created Viscount Lisle 15 May 1513
20 Apr 1523 He surrendered the peerage in 1523 on
being created Duke of Suffolk (qv)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
25 Apr 1523 V 1 Arthur Plantagenet c 1470 3 Mar 1542
to     Created Viscount Lisle 25 Apr 1523
3 Mar 1542 KG 1524
Peerage extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
12 Mar 1543 V 1 John Dudley 1502 22 Aug 1553 51
to     Created Viscount Lisle 12 Mar 1543,
22 Aug 1553 Earl of Warwick 16 Feb 1547 and Duke
of Northumberland 11 Oct 1551
KG 1543
He was attainted and the peerages forfeited
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
26 Dec 1561 E 1 Ambrose Dudley c 1528 21 Feb 1590
to     Created Baron Lisle 25 Dec 1561 and
21 Feb 1590 Earl of Warwick 26 Dec 1561
Lord Lieutenant Warwick 1569-1570 and
1587-1589.  KG 1563
Peerages extinct on his death
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4 May 1605 V 1 Robert Sydney 28 Nov 1563 13 Jul 1626 62
Created Baron Sydney 13 May 1603,
Viscount L'Isle 4 May 1605 and Earl of
Leicester 2 Aug 1618
See "Leicester"
LISLE OF MOUNTNORTH
18 Sep 1758 B[I] 1 John Lysaght c 1702 15 Jul 1781
Created Baron Lisle of Mountnorth
18 Sep 1758
15 Jul 1781 2 John Lysaght 1729 9 Jan 1798 68
9 Jan 1798 3 John Lysaght 6 Aug 1781 26 Nov 1834 53
26 Nov 1834 4 George Lysaght 6 Jun 1783 7 Jul 1868 85
7 Jul 1868 5 John Arthur Lysaght 12 Oct 1811 18 Apr 1898 86
18 Apr 1898 6 George William James Lysaght 29 Jan 1840 25 Feb 1919 79
25 Feb 1919 7 John Nicholas Horace Lysaght 10 Aug 1903 29 Dec 1997 94
29 Dec 1997 8 Patrick James Lysaght 1 May 1931 11 Nov 2003 72
11 Nov 2003 9 John Nicholas Geoffrey Lysaght 20 May 1960
LISMORE
27 Jun 1785 B[I] 1 Cornelius O'Callaghan 7 Jan 1742 12 Jul 1797 55
Created Baron Lismore 27 Jun 1785
12 Jul 1797 2 Cornelius O'Callaghan 2 Oct 1775 30 May 1857 81
30 May 1806 V[I] 1 Created Viscount Lismore 30 May 1806
6 Jul 1838 B 1 and Baron Lismore [UK] 6 Jul 1838
Lord Lieutenant Tipperary 1851-1857.  PC [I] 1835
MP for Lostwithiel 1806-1807
30 May 1857 2 George Ponsonby O'Callaghan 16 Mar 1815 29 Oct 1898 83
to     Lord Lieutenant Tipperary 1857-1885
29 Oct 1898 Peerages extinct on his death
LISTER
6 Feb 1897 B 1 Sir Joseph Lister,1st baronet 5 Apr 1827 10 Feb 1912 84
to     Created Baron Lister 6 Feb 1897
10 Feb 1912 President of the Royal Society 1895-1900.
OM 1902   PC 1902
Peerage extinct on his death
LISTER OF BURTERSETT
31 Jan 2011 B[L] 1 Ruth Lister 3 May 1949
Created Baroness Lister of Burtersett for life
31 Jan 2011
LISTOWEL
5 Feb 1822 E[I] 1 William Hare Sep 1751 13 Jul 1837 85
Created Baron Ennismore 31 Jul 1800,
Viscount Ennismore 15 Jan 1816 and
Earl of Listowel 5 Feb 1822
13 Jul 1837 2 William Hare 22 Sep 1801 4 Feb 1856 54
MP for Kerry 1826-1830 and St.Albans
1841-1847.  KP 1839
4 Feb 1856 3 William Hare 29 May 1833 5 Jun 1924 91
Created Baron Hare of Connamore
8 Dec 1869
KP 1873
5 Jun 1924 4 Richard Granville Hare 12 Sep 1866 16 Nov 1931 65
16 Nov 1931 5 William Francis Hare 28 Sep 1906 12 Mar 1997 90
Postmaster General 1945-1947. Secretary
of State for India and Burma 1947. 
Secretary of State for Burma 1947-1948.
Minister of State for Colonial Affairs 
1948-1950. Governor General of Ghana 
1957-1960. PC 1946
12 Mar 1997 6 Francis Michael Hare  [Elected hereditary peer 28 Jun 1964
1999-]
LISVANE
11 Dec 2014 B[L] 1 Sir Robert James Rogers 5 Feb 1950
Created Baron Lisvane for life 11 Dec 2014
LIVERMORE
21 Oct 2015 B[L] 1 Spencer Elliot Livermore 12 Jun 1975
Created Baron Livermore for life 21 Oct 2015
LIVERPOOL
1 Jun 1796 E 1 Sir Charles Jenkinson,7th baronet 26 Apr 1727 17 Dec 1808 81
Created Baron Hawkesbury 21 Aug 1786
and Earl of Liverpool 1 Jun 1796
MP for Cockermouth 1761-1767, Appleby
1767-1772, Harwich 1772-1774, Hastings
1774-1780 and Saltash 1780-1786. Secretary
at War 1778-1782. President of the Board
of Trade 1786-1804. Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster 1786-1803.  PC 1773
17 Dec 1808 2 Robert Banks Jenkinson 7 Jun 1770 4 Dec 1828 58
MP for Rye 1790-1803. Master of the Mint
1799-1801. Home Secretary 1804-1806 and
1807-1809. Secretary for War 1809-1812.
Prime Minister 1812-1827. Lord Warden of
the Cinque Ports 1806-1827.  PC 1799 KG 1814
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Hawkesbury 15 Nov 1803
4 Dec 1828 3 Charles Cecil Cope Jenkinson 29 May 1784 3 Oct 1851 67
to     MP for Sandwich 1807-1812, Bridgnorth
3 Oct 1851 1812-1818 and East Grinstead 1818-1828.
PC 1841
Peerage extinct on his death
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22 Dec 1905 E 1 Cecil George Savile Foljambe 7 Nov 1846 23 Mar 1907 60
Created Baron Hawkesbury 24 Jun 1893,
and Viscount Hawkesbury and Earl of 
Liverpool 22 Dec 1905
MP for Nottinghamshire North 1880-1885
and Mansfield 1885-1892.  PC 1906
For information on his daughter, Lady Constance,
see the note at the foot of this page
23 Mar 1907 2 Arthur William de Brito Savile Foljambe 27 May 1870 15 May 1941 70
Governor of New Zealand 1912-1917 and
Governor General 1917-1920.  PC 1917
15 May 1941 3 Gerald William Frederick Savile Foljambe 12 May 1878 27 Jul 1962 84
27 Jul 1962 4 Robert Anthony Edward St.Andrew
Savile Foljambe 3 Apr 1887 13 Mar 1969 81
13 Mar 1969 5 Edward Peter Bertram Savile Foljambe 14 Nov 1944
[Elected hereditary peer 1999-]
LIVINGSTON
1458 B[S] 1 James Livingstone 1467
Created Lord Livingston 1458
1467 2 James Livingstone 1497
1497 3 James Livingstone 1503
1503 4 William Livingstone c 1518
c 1518 5 Alexander Livingstone c 1550
c 1550 6 William Livingstone 1592
1592 7 Alexander Livingstone
Created Lord Livingston and Calendar
and Earl of Linlithgow 15 Nov 1600
See "Linlithgow"
LIVINGSTON OF ALMOND
19 Jun 1633 B[S] 1 James Livingston 1672
Created Lord Livingston of Almond
19 Jun 1633, and Lord Livingston and
Almond and Earl of Calendar
6 Oct 1641
See "Calendar"
LIVINGSTON OF FLACRAIG
31 Dec 1660 B[S] 1 James Levingston,1st Viscount of Newburgh c 1622 6 Dec 1670
Created Lord Livingston of Flacraig,
Viscount of Kynnaird and Earl of
Newburgh 31 Dec 1660
See "Newburgh"
LIVINGSTON OF PARKHEAD
12 Jul 2013 B[L] 1 Ian Paul Livingston 1964
Created Baron Livingston of Parkhead for life
12 Jul 2013
LIVINGSTON OF PEEBLES
4 Dec 1696 B[S] 1 Sir Thomas Livingston c 1651 14 Jan 1711
to     Created Lord Livingston of Peebles
14 Jan 1711 and Viscount Teviot 4 Dec 1696
Peerages extinct on his death
LIVSEY OF TALGARTH
28 Aug 2001 B[L] 1 Richard Arthur Lloyd Livsey 2 May 1935 16 Sep 2010 75
to     Created Baron Livsey of Talgarth for life
16 Sep 2010 28 Aug 2001
MP for Brecon and Radnor 1985-1992 and 
1997-2001
Peerage extinct on his death
LLANDAFF
5 Aug 1895 V 1 Henry Matthews 13 Jan 1826 3 Apr 1913 87
to     Created Viscount Llandaff 5 Aug 1895
3 Apr 1913 MP for Dungarvan 1868-1874 and 
Birmingham East 1886-1895. Home Secretary
1886-1892.  PC 1886
Peerage extinct on his death
LLANGATTOCK
30 Aug 1892 B 1 John Allan Rolls 19 Feb 1837 24 Sep 1912 75
Created Baron Llangattock 30 Aug 1892
MP for Monmouthshire 1880-1892
24 Sep 1912 2 John Maclean Rolls 25 Apr 1870 31 Oct 1916 46
to     Peerage extinct on his death
31 Oct 1916
LLANOVER
29 Jun 1859 B 1 Sir Benjamin Hall,1st baronet 8 Nov 1802 27 Apr 1867 64
to     Created Baron Llanover 29 Jun 1859
27 Apr 1867 MP for Monmouth 1832-1837 and Marylebone
1837-1859. President of the Board of
Health 1854-1855. First Commissioner of
Works 1855-1858. Lord Lieutenant
Monmouth 1861-1867.  PC 1854
Peerage extinct on his death
LLEWELLIN
12 Sep 1945 B 1 John Jestyn Llewellin 6 Feb 1893 24 Jan 1957 63
to     Created Baron Llewellin 12 Sep 1945
24 Jan 1957 MP for Uxbridge 1929-1945. President of the
Board of Trade 1942. Minister of Aircraft
Production 1942. Minister of Food 1943-
1945. Governor General of Rhodesia and
Nyasaland 1953-1957.  PC 1941
Peerage extinct on his death
LLEWELLYN OF STEEP
20 Oct 2016 B[L] 1 Edward David Gerard Llewellyn 23 Sep 1965
Created Baron Llewellyn of Steep for life
20 Oct 2016
PC 2015
LLEWELYN-DAVIES
16 Jan 1964 B[L] 1 Richard Llewelyn-Davies 24 Dec 1912 27 Oct 1981 68
to     Created Baron Llewelyn-Davies for life
27 Oct 1981 16 Jan 1964
Peerage extinct on his death
LLEWELYN-DAVIES OF HASTOE
29 Aug 1967 B[L] 1 Annie Patricia Llewelyn-Davies 16 Jul 1915 6 Nov 1997 82
to     Created Baroness Llewelyn-Davies
6 Nov 1997 of Hastoe for life 29 Aug 1967
PC 1975
Peerage extinct on her death
LLOYD
16 Nov 1925 B 1 Sir George Ambrose Lloyd 19 Sep 1879 4 Feb 1941 61
Created Baron Lloyd 16 Nov 1925
MP for Staffordshire West 1910-1918 and
Eastbourne 1924-1925. Governor of
Bombay 1918-1923. Secretary of State for
Colonies 1940-1941.  PC 1924
4 Feb 1941 2 Alexander David Frederick Lloyd 30 Sep 1912 5 Nov 1985 73
to     Peerage extinct on his death
5 Nov 1985
LLOYD OF BERWICK
1 Oct 1993 B[L] 1 Sir Anthony John Leslie Lloyd 9 May 1929 08 Dec 2024
to Created Baron Lloyd of Berwick for life
8 Dec 2024 1 Oct 1993
Lord Justice of Appeal 1984-1993. Lord of
Appeal in Ordinary 1993-1998. PC 1984
Peerage extinct on his death
LLOYD OF EFFRA
13 Oct 2025 B[L] 1 Elizabeth Ann Lloyd 1 Mar 1971
to     Created Baroness Lloyd of Effra for life
LLOYD OF HAMPSTEAD
14 May 1965 B[L] 1 Dennis Lloyd 22 Oct 1915 31 Dec 1992 77
to     Created Baron Lloyd of Hampstead for life
31 Dec 1992 14 May 1965
Peerage extinct on his death
LLOYD OF HIGHBURY
19 Aug 1996 B[L] 1 Dame June Kathleen Lloyd 1 Jan 1928 28 Jun 2006 78
to     Created Baroness Lloyd of Highbury for life
28 Jun 2006 19 Aug 1996
Peerage extinct on her death
LLOYD OF KILGERRAN
29 Jun 1973 B[L] 1 Rhys Gerran Lloyd 12 Aug 1907 30 Jan 1991 83
to     Created Baron Lloyd of Kilgerran for life
30 Jan 1991 29 Jun 1973
Peerage extinct on his death
LLOYD GEORGE OF DWYFOR
12 Feb 1945 E 1 David Lloyd George 17 Jan 1863 26 Mar 1945 82
Created Viscount Gwynedd and Earl
Lloyd George of Dwyfor 12 Feb 1945
MP for Carnarvon Boroughs 1890-1945.
President of the Board of Trade 1905-1908
Chancellor of the Exchequer 1908-1915.
Minister of Munitions 1915-1916. Secretary
of State for War 1916. Prime Minister 1916-
1922. PC 1905. OM 1919
26 Mar 1945 2 Richard Lloyd George 15 Feb 1889 1 May 1968 79
1 May 1968 3 Owen Lloyd George 28 Apr 1924 29 Jul 2010 86
29 Jul 2010 4 David Richard Owen Lloyd George 22 Jan 1951
LLOYD-WEBBER
18 Feb 1997 B[L] 1 Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber 22 Mar 1948
Created Baron Lloyd-Webber for life
18 Feb 1997
LOCH
18 Jul 1895 B 1 Henry Brougham Loch 23 May 1827 20 Jun 1900 73
Created Baron Loch 18 Jul 1895
Governor of Victoria 1884-1889 and Cape
of Good Hope 1889-1895. PC 1895
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page
24 Jun 1900 2 Edward Douglas Loch 4 Apr 1873 14 Aug 1942 69
14 Aug 1942 3 George Henry Compton Loch 3 Feb 1916 15 Dec 1982 66
15 Dec 1982 4 Spencer Douglas Loch 12 Aug 1920 24 Jun 1991 70
to     Peerage extinct on his death
24 Jun 1991
LOCHABER
3 Nov 1684 B[S] 1 George Gordon,4th Marquess of Huntly c 1643 7 Dec 1716
Created Lord Badenoch,Lochaber,
Strathavon,Balmore,Auchindoun,
Garthie and Kincardine,Viscount of
Inverness,Earl of Huntly and Enzie,
Marquess of Huntly and Duke of
Gordon 3 Nov 1684
See "Gordon" - extinct 1836
LOCHEE
22 May 1908 B 1 Edmund Robertson 28 Oct 1845 13 Sep 1911 65
to     Created Baron Lochee 22 May 1908
13 Sep 1911 MP for Dundee 1885-1908.  PC 1906
Peerage extinct on his death
LOCHINVAR
8 May 1633 B[S] 1 John Gordon c 1600 12 Sep 1634
Created Lord Lochinvar and Viscount 
of Kenmure 8 May 1633
See "Kenmure"
LOCHOW AND GLENYLA
23 Jun 1701 V[S] 1 Archibald Campbell 21 Oct 1703
Created Lord of Inverary,Mull,Morvern
and Tirie,Viscount of Lochow and
Glenyla,Earl of Campbell and Cowall,
Marquess of Kintyre and Lorn and Duke
of Argyll 23 Jun 1701
See "Argyll"
LOCKWOOD
27 Feb 1978 B[L] 1 Betty Lockwood 22 Jan 1924 29 Apr 2019 95
to Created Baroness Lockwood for life
29 Apri 2019 27 Feb 1978
Peerage extinct on his death
LOFTHOUSE OF PONTEFRACT
11 Jun 1997 B[L] 1 Sir Geoffrey Lofthouse 18 Dec 1925 1 Nov 2012 86
to     Created Baron Lofthouse of Pontefract
1 Nov 2012 for life 11 Jun 1997
MP for Pontefract & Castleford 1978-1997
Peerage extinct on his death
LOFTUS
10 May 1622 V[I] 1 Sir Adam Loftus 1568 1646 78
Created Viscount Loftus of Ely
10 May 1622
See "Ely"
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5 Nov 1751 B[I] 1 Nicholas Loftus 1687 31 Dec 1763 76
19 Jul 1756 V[I] 1 Created Baron Loftus 5 Nov 1751 and
Viscount Loftus of Ely 19 Jul 1756
See "Ely"
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29 Dec 1800 M[I] 1 Charles Tottenham Loftus 23 Jan 1738 22 Mar 1806 68
Created Baron Loftus 28 Jun 1785,
Viscount Loftus of Ely 28 Dec 1789,
Earl of Ely 2 Mar 1794,Marquess of
Ely 29 Dec 1800 and Baron Loftus [uk]
19 Jan 1801
See "Ely"
LONDESBOROUGH
4 Mar 1850 B 1 Albert Denison Denison 21 Oct 1805 15 Jan 1860 54
Created Baron Londesborough
4 Mar 1850
MP for Canterbury 1835-1841 and 1847-1850
15 Jan 1860 2 William Henry Forester Denison 19 Jun 1834 19 Apr 1900 65
1 Jul 1887 E 1 Created Viscount Raincliffe and Earl
of Londesborough 1 Jul 1887
MP for Beverley 1857-1859 and 
Scarborough 1859-1860
19 Apr 1900 3 William Francis Henry Denison 30 Dec 1864 30 Oct 1917 52
2
30 Oct 1917 4 George Francis William Henry Denison 17 Jul 1892 12 Sep 1920 28
3
12 Sep 1920 5 Hugh William Cecil Denison 13 Nov 1894 17 Apr 1937 42
to     4 On his death the Earldom became extinct
17 Apr 1937 whilst the Barony passed to -
17 Apr 1937 6 Ernest William Denison 9 Aug 1876 31 Dec 1963 87
31 Dec 1963 7 Conyngham Charles Denison 6 Apr 1885 31 Oct 1967 82
31 Oct 1967 8 John Albert Lister Denison 30 May 1901 5 Apr 1968 66
5 Apr 1968 9 Richard John Denison 2 Jul 1959
LONDONDERRY
23 Aug 1622 E[I] 1 Sir Thomas Ridgeway,1st baronet c 1565 24 Jan 1632
Created Baron of Gallen Ridgeway
25 May 1616,and Viscount Gallen
Ridgeway and Earl of Londonderry
23 Aug 1622
24 Jan 1632 2 Robert Ridgeway 19 Mar 1640
19 Mar 1640 3 Weston Ridgeway 4 Apr 1620 7 Nov 1672 52
7 Nov 1672 4 Robert Ridgeway 7 Mar 1714
to     Peerage extinct on his death
7 Mar 1714
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8 Oct 1726 E[I] 1 Thomas Pitt c 1688 12 Sep 1729
Created Baron of Londonderry 3 Jun
1719 and Viscount Gallen Ridgeway
and Earl of Londonderry 8 Oct 1726
MP for Wilton 1713-1727 and Old Sarum 
1727-1728  PC [I] by 1723
12 Sep 1729 2 Thomas Pitt c 1718 25 Aug 1735
25 Aug 1735 3 Ridgeway Pitt 1722 8 Jan 1765 42
to     MP for Camelford 1747-1754
8 Jan 1765 Peerage extinct on his death
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13 Jan 1816 M[I] 1 Robert Stewart 27 Sep 1739 8 Apr 1821 81
Created Baron Londonderry
20 Sep 1789, Viscount Castlereagh
1 Oct 1795,Earl of Londonderry 
17 Aug 1796 and Marquess of
Londonderry 13 Jan 1816
PC [I] 1783
8 Apr 1821 2 Robert Stewart 18 Jun 1769 12 Aug 1822 53
MP for Tregony 1796, Orford 1796-1797 and 1821-
1822,co. Down 1801-1805 and 1812-1821,
Boroughbridge 1806 and Plympton Erle 1806-1812.
Chief Secretary for Ireland 1798-1801. President
of the India Board 1802-1806. Secretary at War
1805-1806 and 1807-1809. Foreign Secretary
1812-1822.  PC [I] 1797  PC 1798  KG 1814
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page
12 Aug 1822 3 Charles William Vane 18 May 1778 6 Mar 1854 75
Created Baron Stewart of Stewart's
Court 1 Jul 1814,and Viscount Seaham
and Earl Vane 28 Mar 1823
For details of the special remainder included in the
creations of 1823,see the note at the foot of
this page containing details of the Earldom of Vane
MP for Derry 1801-1807 and 1812-1814.
Lord Lieutenant Durham 1842-1854.  PC 1814
KG 1853
6 Mar 1854 4 Frederick William Robert Stewart 7 Jul 1805 25 Nov 1872 67
MP for co.Down 1826-1852. Lord
Lieutenant Down 1845-1864.  PC 1835
KP 1856
25 Nov 1872 5 George Henry Robert Charles 
Vane-Tempest,2nd Earl Vane 26 Apr 1821 5 Nov 1884 63
MP for Durham North 1847-1854. Lord
Lieutenant Durham 1880-1884.  KP 1874
5 Nov 1884 6 Charles Stewart Vane-Tempest-Stewart 6 Jul 1852 8 Feb 1915 62
MP for co.Down 1878-1884. Viceroy of
Ireland 1886-1889. Postmaster General
1900-1902. President of the Board of
Education 1902-1905. Lord President of
the Council 1903-1905. Lord Lieutenant
Down 1902-1915 and Belfast 1900-1903.
PC 1886  KG 1888. PC [I] 1892
8 Feb 1915 7 Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-
Stewart 13 May 1878 11 Feb 1949 70
MP for Maidstone 1906-1915. First
Commissioner of Works 1928-1929 and 1931.
Secretary of State for Air 1931-1935. 
Lord Privy Seal 1935. PC [I] 1918  PC 1925
KG 1919  Lord Lieutenant Durham 1928-1949
and Down 1915-1949
11 Feb 1949 8 Edward Charles Stewart Robert 
Vane-Tempest-Stewart 18 Nov 1902 17 Oct 1955 52
MP for co.Down 1931-1945
17 Oct 1955 9 Alexander Charles Robert Vane-Tempest-
Stewart 7 Sep 1937 20 Jun 2012 74
20 Jun 2012 10 Frederick Aubrey Vane-Tempest-Stewart 6 Sep 1972
LONG
4 Jun 1921 V 1 Walter Hume Long 13 Jul 1854 26 Sep 1924 70
Created Viscount Long 4 Jun 1921
MP for Wiltshire North 1880-1885, Wiltshire
East 1885-1892, West Derby 1893-1900,
Bristol South 1900-1906, Dublin South
1906-1910, Strand 1910-1918 and St.
Georges 1918-1921.  President of the 
Board of Agriculture 1895-1900. President
of the Local Government Board 1900-1905.
Chief Secretary for Ireland 1905-1906. 
President of the Local Government Board
1915-1916. Secretary of State for 
Colonies 1916-1918. First Lord of the
Admiralty 1919-1921. Lord Lieutenant
Wiltshire 1920-1924.  PC 1895. PC [I] 1905
26 Sep 1924 2 Walter Francis David Long 14 Sep 1911 23 Sep 1944 33
23 Sep 1944 3 Richard Eric Onslow Long 22 Aug 1892 12 Jan 1967 74
12 Jan 1967 4 Richard Gerard Long 30 Jan 1929 13 Jun 2017 88
13 Jun 2017 5 James Richard Long 31 Dec 1960
LONGFIELD
31 Jan 2025 B[L] 1 Anne Elizabeth Longfield, CBE 1960
Created Baroness Longfield for life 31 Jan 2025
LONGFORD
29 Jun 1621 B[I] 1 Francis Aungier c 1562 8 Oct 1632
Created Baron Aungier of Longford
29 Jun 1621
8 Oct 1632 2 Gerald Aungier c 1586 1655
1655 3 Francis Aungier c 1632 22 Dec 1700
18 Dec 1677 E[I] 1 Created Viscount Longford 8 Nov 1675
and Earl of Longford 18 Dec 1677
MP for Surrey 1660-1661 and Arundel 1661-1679
PC [I] 1660
22 Dec 1700 2 Ambrose Aungier c 1649 23 Jan 1705
to     PC [I] by 1702
23 Jan 1705 Peerages extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
29 Jun 1747 B 1 Jacob Bouverie 14 Oct 1694 17 Feb 1761 66
Created Baron Longford and Viscount
Folkestone 29 Jun 1747
See "Folkestone"
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7 May 1756 B[I] 1 Thomas Pakenham May 1713 30 Apr 1766 52
Created Baron Longford 7 May 1756
20 Jun 1785 E[I] 1 Elizabeth Pakenham 26 Jul 1719 27 Jan 1794 74
Created Countess of Longford 
20 Jun 1785
30 Apr 1766 2 Edward Michael Pakenham 1 Apr 1743 3 Jun 1792 49
Succeeded to the Barony 1766
PC [I] 1777
3 Jun 1792 2 Thomas Pakenham 14 May 1774 28 May 1835 61
Created Baron Silchester 17 Jul 1821
KP 1813
He succeeded to the Barony in 1792 and
to the Earldom in 1794
28 May 1835 3 Edward Michael Pakenham 30 Oct 1817 27 Mar 1860 42
27 Mar 1860 4 William Lygon Pakenham 31 Jan 1819 19 Apr 1887 68
Lord Lieutenant Longford 1874-1887
19 Apr 1887 5 Thomas Pakenham 19 Oct 1864 21 Aug 1915 50
Lord Lieutenant Longford 1887-1915  KP 1901
21 Aug 1915 6 Edward Arthur Henry Pakenham 29 Dec 1902 4 Feb 1961 58
4 Feb 1961 7 Francis Aungier Pakenham 5 Dec 1905 3 Aug 2001 95
Created Baron Pakenham 12 Oct 1945
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1947-1948. Minister of Civil Aviation 1948-
1951. First Lord of the Admiralty 1951.
Lord Privy Seal 1964-1965 and 1966-1968.
Secretary of State for Colonies 1965-1966.
PC 1948  KG 1971
Created Baron Pakenham of Cowley for life
16 Nov 1999
3 Aug 2001 8 Thomas Frank Dermot Pakenham 14 Aug 1933
LONGUEVILLE (England)
21 Apr 1690 V 1 Henry Yelverton,15th Lord Grey de Ruthyn c 1664 24 Mar 1704
Created Viscount Longueville
21 Apr 1690
24 Mar 1704 2 Talbot Yelverton 2 May 1690 27 Oct 1731 41
He was created Earl of Sussex (qv) in 1717
with which title this peerage then merged
LONGUEVILLE (Ireland)
29 Dec 1800 V[I] 1 Richard Longfield 9 Oct 1734 23 May 1811 76
to    Created Baron Longueville 1 Oct 1795
23 May 1811 and Viscount Longueville 29 Dec 1800
PC [I] 1790
Peerages extinct on his death
LONSDALE
28 May 1696 V 1 John Lowther 25 Apr 1655 10 Jul 1700 45
Created Baron Lowther and Viscount
Lonsdale 28 May 1696
MP for Westmorland 1677-1679 and 1681-1696
Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland
1689-1694. First Lord of the Admiralty
1691. Lord Privy Seal 1699-1700 PC 1689
10 Jul 1700 2 Richard Lowther 1692 1 Dec 1713 21
1 Dec 1713 3 Henry Lowther 1694 12 Mar 1751 56
to     Lord Privy Seal 1733-1735. Lord
12 Mar 1751 Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland
1738-1751. PC 1726
Peerages extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
24 May 1784 E 1 Sir James Lowther,5th baronet 5 Aug 1736 24 May 1802 65
to     Created Baron Lowther,Baron of the 
24 May 1802 Barony of Kendal,Baron of the Barony
of Burgh,Viscount of Lonsdale,
Viscount of Lowther and Earl of 
Lonsdale 24 May 1784 and Baron and
Viscount Lowther 26 Oct 1797
MP for Cumberland 1757-1761, Westmorland
1761-1763, Cumberland 1762-1768, 
Cockermouth 1769-1774 and Cumberland
1774-1784.  Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and
Westmorland 1759-1802
Peerages extinct on his death,except the 
creations of 1797
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
7 Apr 1807 E 1 William Lowther,2nd Viscount Lowther 29 Dec 1757 19 Mar 1844 86
Created Earl of Lonsdale 7 Apr 1807
MP for Carlisle 1780-1784, Cumberland
1784-1790 and Rutland 1796-1802. Lord
Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland
1802-1844.  KG 1807
19 Mar 1844 2 William Lowther 30 Jul 1787 4 Mar 1872 84
MP for Cockermouth 1808-1813,Westmorland
1813-1831 and 1832-1841,and Dunwich 1832. 
Chief Commissioner of Woods and Forests 1828-
1830. Vice President of the Board of Trade
1834-1835. Postmaster General 1841-1845.
Lord President of the Council 1852. Lord
Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland
1844-1868.  PC 1828
He was summoned to Parliament by Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Lowther 8 Sep 1841
4 Mar 1872 3 Henry Lowther 27 Mar 1818 15 Aug 1876 58
MP for Cumberland West 1847-1872. 
Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and 
Westmorland 1868-1876
15 Aug 1876 4 St.George Henry Lowther 4 Oct 1855 8 Feb 1882 26
8 Feb 1882 5 Hugh Cecil Lowther 25 Jan 1857 13 Apr 1944 87
Lord Lieutenant Cumberland 1917-1944  KG 1928
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page
13 Apr 1944 6 Lancelot Edward Lowther 25 Jun 1867 11 Mar 1953 85
11 Mar 1953 7 James Hugh William Lowther 3 Nov 1922 23 May 2006 83
23 May 2006 8 Hugh Clayton Lowther 27 May 1949 22 Jun 2021 72
22 Jun 2021 9 William James Lowther  9 Jul 1957
LOOMBA
12 Jan 2011 B[L] 1 Rajinder Paul Loomba 13 Nov 1943
Created Baron Loomba for life 12 Jan 2011
Lady Constance Blanche Alethea Mary Foljambe [1885-16 Aug 1977], daughter of the
1st Earl of Liverpool (creation of 1905)
One of the greatest society sensations in the northern summer of 1911 was undoubtedly the 
disappearance on her wedding day of Lady Constance Foljambe, daughter of the 1st Earl of 
Liverpool. 
The "Daily Mail" of 4 July 1911 reported:-
'A large party of guests who were invited to the wedding of Lady Constance Foljambe and the
Rev. Hezekiah Astley Kemp Hawkins at St. Peter's, Eaton-square, S.W., yesterday afternoon,
were startled by the sudden news that the bride had disappeared.
'Lady Constance Blanche Alethea Mary Foljambe, who is the fourth living daughter of the late
Earl of Liverpool, and half-sister to the present earl, was found to be missing at a quarter-past
twelve. No one saw her leave her brother's house at 44, Grosvenor-gardens, where she was
residing, and she left no message. The wedding ceremony was to have taken place at two
o'clock, and it was expected that she would return to the house in time to drive to the church.
But two o'clock came and still she was absent.
'At the church all was ready. One hundred and fifty guests were gathered near the altar, and in
the vestry the clergyman who was to perform the ceremony, Canon the Hon. R. Adderley, was
waiting in his robes. In the church were the bridesmaids - Lady Rosamond Foljambe, Miss Mary
Foljambe, Miss Evelyn Ponsonby, and Miss Violet Ricketts. The bride's mother, the Dowager
Countess of Liverpool, who was to have given her away, was there with her sons, the bride's
brothers.
'There was no hint of the dramatic dénouement that was to come. The bridegroom, who is the
vicar of Whitwell-on-the-Hill, Yorkshire, was chatting with his friends, smiling happily. Two
o'clock struck, but the proverbial privilege of brides to be late caused no misgivings. Once a
stir of interest passed through the congregation, but it was only some belated guests. Minute
succeeded minute, but still the bride was absent. A subdued hum of conversation arose in the
pews.
'By a quarter-past two a growing impression of uneasiness had reached a climax. Some hazarded
the suggestion that the right time for the wedding was half-past two and not two o'clock. The
bridegroom, near the altar, was palpably ill at ease now. He spoke in a low tone to his best man,
Dr. Jolly, and then the pair held a consultation with Canon Adderley. More than once they 
glanced eagerly at the great door of the church. Lady Constance was still absent. Nor was there
any sign of the Earl of Liverpool, her half-brother.
'The pretence that all was well no longer held. Men looked from their watches to the door, 
women carried on subdued conversation in whispers. A messenger was sent in a motor-car to 44,
Grosvenor-gardens, the house of the Earl of Liverpool.
'In a few minutes he returned and whispered something to a little family group in the aisle. The
pale face of the bridegroom grew paler still, and he staggered a little. Someone put out a supp-
orting hand, and he was gently led to the door and escorted back to his hotel. In a whisper the
news passed through the congregation that there would be no wedding that day. It was within
a few minutes of three o'clock. No marriage could take place after that hour and it was useless
waiting, though some of the guests lingered until the hour had struck, hoping against hope.'
According to the "Daily Mail" of 7 July 1911, 'Lady Constance Foljambe is staying with a girl
friend in Paris. She left her house in London at 12.15 p.m. on Monday on the pretext of posting 
a letter. She was then wearing a round white straw hat trimmed with roses, a brown tailor-made
dress, and a long grey travelling coat. She went to Charing Cross, where she booked for Paris,
leaving by the 2.20 Folkestone boat train, arriving in Paris at 9.15. She drove to the residence
of a friend, but, not finding her in, drove to where she thought she might find her and succeeded
in meeting her.'
Lady Constance was back in England on 13 July when she appeared as a witness in an inquest
held at Malton in Yorkshire.
The couple obviously reconciled, since they were later married, five months later, on 11 
December 1911. The "Irish Times" of 14 December 1911 reported:-
'There has been a romantic sequel to the action of Lady Constance Foljambe, daughter of the
late Earl of Liverpool, who created some sensation in society circles by failing to put in an
appearance at St. Peter's Church, Eaton square, London, on July 3rd, when she was to have
married to the Rev. H. A. K. Hawkins, vicar of Whitwell, near Malton, Yorkshire. It transpired
yesterday that the parties were quietly married in London on Monday morning, and Lord 
Liverpool, in reply to an inquiry, said he had been informed of this fact. In the villages of 
Whitwell and Kirkham Abbey, where the respective parties lived, few had the slightest idea of
the coming event. Mr. Hawkins officiated in the parish church on Sunday evening, and left
immediately after for Barton Hill Station to join the York train. On Tuesday night letters were
received in the village announcing that the marriage of Mr. Hawkins and Lady Constance
Foljambe had taken place in London the previous morning, and stating that they would return
to Whitwell on Friday next. One of the letters was posted at Folkestone. Since July Lady
Constance has resided in London, and Mr. Hawkins has been fulfilling his clerical duties at
Whitwell.'
The Rev. Mr. Hawkins, who was 22 years older than his wife, died in April 1927.
Henry Brougham Loch, 1st Baron Loch
From 'The Times' of 21 June 1900:-
'Lord Loch, who was the son of Mr. James Loch, of Drylaw, was born on May 23, 1827, and
when he was little more than a child entered the Royal Navy. He left it after only two years of
training as a midshipman, and at the age of 17 joined the 3rd Bengal Cavalry in 1844. He was
just in time to take part in the Sutlej campaign of the following year and became A.D.C. to 
Lord Gough. Hr remained actively interested and fully engrossed in military work for the ten
years of a young man's life in which a soldier's career has perhaps its greatest attraction, and
in 1854 he had an opportunity of doing special service in Bulgaria in the organization of
Turkish troops for the Crimean War. He crossed with an army from Varna to the Crimea, and
having had the good fortune as a soldier to see active service in the two principal campaigns
in which the English Army had been engaged since the great peace, he was content, when 
the Crimean War came to an end, to abandon a military career for civil work.
'The civil work on which he was first engaged was not, however, in any sense less adventurous
than the work of a military campaign. Experience in India, in Turkey, and in Southern Russia had
naturally directed his attention to questions of the Far East. In 1856 the situation in China was
not altogether unlike the present situation [i.e. the Boxer Rebellion]. In the autumn of that year
the incident known as the "Arrow" incident took place [On 8 October 1856, Chinese officials
boarded the "Arrow", a Chinese-owned ship, and arrested a number of Chinese subjects. The
British demanded their release, on the basis that the ship was sailing under a British flag at the
time. This incident ultimately led to the Second Opium War of 1856-1860]. It became necessary
to insist upon reparation of the insult offered to the British flag, and Sir Michael Seymour sent
home a request that 5,000 troops might be despatched to Hong Kong. A military expedition was
undertaken to Canton, and at the same time Lord Elgin was sent out as Ambassador to
endeavour to place [Britain's] relations with China on a more satisfactory diplomatic basis. This
combination of a military and civil situation was the moment of transition in Mr. Loch's career.
He accompanied the expedition to Canton and was present at the capture of the notorious
Chinese Commissioner Yeh, who had been the moving spirit in the policy of aggression against
the foreigner. The opening of China became the interesting question of the day, and Mr. Loch
took part with his brother-in-law, Sir F[rederick] Nicholson, and Captain Osborn in an exploring 
expedition up the Pei-ho River. The Treaty of Tien-tsin was concluded in 1858, and when, in
1860, Lord Elgin undertook his second embassy to China Mr. Loch accompanied him in the
capacity of private secretary.
'The experience which he underwent in the course of this second expedition was one which may
fortunately be described as unique in the annals of diplomacy. The refusal of the Chinese
authorities to ratify the Treaty of Tien-tsin and the armed resistance offered in 1859 to the
execution of that clause in the treaty which granted the right to maintain a British Resident at
Peking made it necessary to despatch an expedition in force to insist upon the execution of the
conditions of the treaty. Lord Elgin left England in April of 1860 as Ambassador to the Court of
Peking. There was some delay in the concentration of the troops necessary for the purpose of
forcing of the Pei-ho. The English army, under Sir Hope Grant, was ready in June. The French
troops who acted with [Britain] were not ready until July. In August Pehtang Sinho and the 
Taku forts were occupied in swift succession, Mr. Loch sharing with Mr. Parkes - afterwards
well known as Sir Harry Parkes [1828-1885, British Minister in Japan 1865-1883] - the 
adventurous duty of negotiating the surrender of the forts. On August 31 conditions of peace
were offered by the allies at Tien-tsin to the Chinese, and after some vain pretence at 
negotiation, in which the Chinese authorities showed evident bad faith, the advance on Peking
was ordered. Under the pressure of the advancing armies the Chinese Commissioners again
signified a desire to negotiate, and appeared to yield absolutely to the terms of the allies. It
was arranged that the allied armies should encamp at a given position within ten or 12 miles 
of Tung-chan and that the Ambassadors with their escort should proceed unmolested to
Peking. Some slight details alone remained to be arranged, and Mr. Parkes and Mr. Loch returned
with a small party of Sikhs and a few European officers to arrange them. They then discovered 
that a Chinese army had been concealed in ambush on the ground which had been indicated as
the camping-ground of the British force. They were themselves surrounded. Mr. Loch, having
succeeded in making his way through the Chinese lines to give notice of the impending treachery
to the advance guard of the British force, rode back with a flag of truce in the vain hope that he
might succeed in effecting the rescue of the little party. He was, in consequence, taken prisoner,
and for three weeks experienced, in company with Mr. Parkes, the horrors of a Chinese prison.
Here, loaded with chains, nearly starved, and treated with the utmost indignity by brutal 
gaolers, they were confined under daily fear of death. Mr. Loch, with an iron collar round his 
neck and a heavy chain connecting this with irons fixed upon his ankles, was handcuffed and
fettered with elbows pinioned to a beam in the ceiling, which barely admitted of his lying down
to sleep. In this condition he was kept among a horde of native prisoners, criminals of the
lowest type, who presented the appearance of "as savage a lot of half-naked demons" as he
had ever beheld. On one occasion, to gratify the spite of his gaoler, the chain by which he was
fastened to the beam was so tightened that he was suspended by his neck and feet, and this
torture was prolonged through the whole night, a compassionate fellow-prisoner occasionally
lifting him to ease the pressure on the throat when he appeared to be choking. The vivid
personal narrative published in 1869 ['Personal Narrative of Occurrences during Lord Elgin's
Second Embassy to China 1860' published by John Murray, 1869], in which Mr. Loch related 
these experiences, is well worth reading for the light it throws on the Chinese and on the
English character.
'The story of the release of the two prisoners, the terrible sufferings and deaths of their 
comrades, and the subsequent burning of the Summer Palace at Peking are too well known
to relate in detail [see the Wikipedia article on the Second Opium War or, for a fictionalized
but accurate account, George Macdonald Fraser's "Flashman and the Dragon"]. So nearly
did the negotiations fail for the release of Mr. Parkes and Mr. Loch that they only escaped
by ten minutes the arrival of the Imperial order for their execution.'
After his release, Loch was Lieutenant-Governor of the Isle of Man between 1863 and 1882, 
Governor of Victoria 1884-1889 and Governor of the Cape Colony in South Africa 1889-1895.
Upon his retirement from this last post, he was created a peer as Baron Loch.
Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry and "The Radiant Boy"
There are a number of legends of "Radiant Boys" in the northern counties of England. The 
common form of a "Radiant Boy" is a young, often naked boy from whom emanates a very
bright light. It is said that anyone who sees a "Radiant Boy" will rise to great heights in their
chosen career, but will die a violent death. There are quite a number of stories concerning 
such apparitions, one of the best known being that which appeared to Robert Stewart, who
is better known as Viscount Castlereagh and who later became the 2nd Marquess of
Londonderry. The prediction of a violent death held true in his case, since he committed suicide
by cutting his throat with his pen-knife. The following version is taken from "Every Week: a 
journal of entertaining literature" in its issue for 18 June 1890:-
'Lord Londonderry was, for the first time, on a visit to a gentleman in the north of Ireland. The
mansion was such a one as spectres are reputed to inhabit; it was associated with many
recollections of historic times; and the sombre character of its architecture and the wildness of
the surrounding scenery were calculated to impress the soul with melancholy.
'The apartment also which was appropriated to Lord Londonderry was especially calculated to
foster such a tone of feeling from its antique appointments; from the dark and richly carved
panels of its wainscot; from its yawning width and height of chimney, looking like the open
entrance to a tomb, of which the surrounding ornaments appeared to form the sculptures and
entablature; from the portraits of grim men and severe women arrayed in orderly procession 
along the walls, scowling a contemptuous enmity against the degenerate invaders of their 
gloomy bowers and venerable halls; and from the vast, dusky, ponderous, and complicated
draperies that concealed the windows, and hung with the gloomy grandeur of funeral trappings
about the hearse-like piece of furniture that was destined for his bed.
'Lord Londonderry on entering his apartment might have received some painful depressions and
misgivings when he found himself in the midst of such a world of melancholy images; he might 
have felt himself more than usually inclined to submit to the influence of superstition.
'Lord Londonderry examined his chamber; he made himself acquainted with the forms and faces
of the ancient possessors of the mansion as they sat upright in their ebony frames to receive
his salutation; and then, after dismissing his valet, he retired to bed.
'His candles had not been long extinguished when he perceived a light gleaming on the draperies
of the lofty canopy over his head.
'Conscious that there was no fire in the grate, that the curtains were closed, and that the
chamber had been in perfect darkness but a few moments before, he supposed that some one
must have accidentally entered his apartment; and turning hastily round to the side from which
the light proceeded, saw, to his infinite astonishment, not the form of any human visitor, but 
the figure of a fair boy, who seemed to be garmented in rays of mild and tempered glory, which
beamed palely from his slender form like the faint light of a declining moon, and rendered the
object which was nearest to him dimly and indistinctly visible. The spirit stood at some distance
from the side of the bed.
'Certain that his own faculties were not deceiving him, but suspecting he might be imposed on
by the ingenuity of some of the numerous guests who were then visiting the same house, Lord
Londonderry proceeded towards the figure, but as he approached it retreated, as he slowly
advanced the form with equal pace slowly retired, until it entered the gloomy arch of the
capacious chimney, through which it appeared to sink into the earth.
'Lord Londonderry retired to his bed, but not to rest; his mind was disturbed by the 
consideration of the extraordinary event which had occurred to him. Was it real? Was it the
work of the imagination? Was it the result of imposture? It was all incomprehensible.
'He resolved in the morning not to mention the appearance till he should have well observed the
manners and countenances of the family; he was conscious that if any deception had been
practised its authors would be too delighted with their success to conceal the vanity of their
triumph.
'When the guests assembled at the breakfast table, the eye of Lord Londonderry searched in 
vain for those latent smiles - those conscious looks - that silent communication between the
parties, by which the author and abettors of such domestic conspiracies are generally betrayed.
'Everything apparently proceeded in its ordinary course; the conversation flowed rapidly along
from the subjects afforded by the moment without any of the constraint which marks a party
intent upon some recent and more interesting argument, and endeavouring to afford an
opportunity for its introduction.
'At last the hero of the tale found himself compelled to mention the occurrence of the night,
prefacing it by such remarks as that it was most extraordinary, he feared that he should not be
credited, and then, after all due preparation, the story was related.
'Those amongst his auditors who, like himself, were strangers and visitors in the house, were
certain that some delusion must have been practised; the family alone seemed perfectly 
composed and calm.
'At last, the gentleman whom Lord Londonderry was visiting interrupted their various surmises
on the subject. "The circumstances which you have just recounted must naturally appear most
extraordinary to those who have not long been inmates of my dwelling, and not conversant
with the legends connected with my family; to those who are, the event which has happened
will only serve as the corroboration of an old tradition which long has been related of the
apartment in which you slept. You have seen the Radiant Boy - be content - it is an omen of
prosperous fortunes. I would rather that this circumstance should no more be mentioned."
There is even a YouTube clip which discusses this legend, although the date mentioned in it is
wrong by 100 years and states that Stewart became Prime Minister, which he never did:-
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9HQxHxgAiV8
Hugh Cecil Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale
Lowther succeeded to the earldom of Lonsdale on the death of his older brother in 1882. For
the next 10 years, his name was rarely out of contemporary newspapers.
In March and April 1884, Lonsdale was directly involved in an action for criminal libel against the
proprietor of the "World" newspaper, Edmund Yates. According to the "Birmingham Daily Post" of
3 April 1884:-
'Yesterday morning, Mr. Edmund Yates, the proprietor of the World newspaper, appeared before
the Lord Chief Justice of England and Justices Cave and Williams, to receive sentence for the
publication in that journal of the 17th January, 1883, of a libel on the Earl of Lonsdale, in respect
of which a criminal information was filed against him, and to which he pleaded guilty. The libel
was as follows: - "A strange story is in circulation in sporting circles, concerning the elopement
of a young lady of the very highest rank and noble birth with a young peer, whose marriage was
one of affection, but whose wife has unfortunately fallen into a delicate state of health. The
elopement is said to have taken place from the hunting-field. The young lady, who is only one
or two and twenty, is a very fair rider, and the gentleman is a master of hounds."
'The affidavit of the Earl of Lonsdale to the effect that the paragraph pointed to him, and that
there was no foundation for the libel, having been read, the Attorney-General addressed the
Court on behalf of the Earl of Lonsdale, who, he said, had instituted these proceedings in the
public interest, and left the matter entirely in their lordship's hands.
'Mr, Russell, Q.C., spoke in mitigation of punishment, stating that Mr. Yates had received the
paragraph complained of from a lady of high rank, moving in the same circles as Lord Lonsdale,
and who was a regular contributor to the World. [The author of the paragraph was never, to
the best of my knowledge, disclosed in any English newspaper, but the American papers of the
time were far less reticent and named the author as Lady Stradbroke, wife of the 2nd Earl of
Stradbroke, and the young lady referred to in the paragraph as Lady Grace Fane, daughter of
the 12th Earl of Westmorland - see the "Chicago Daily Tribune" of 19 January 1885]. Mr. Yates
had since done everything in his power to remedy the mischief which he had inadvertently
done.'
Yates was convicted and sentenced to four months' imprisonment. He appealed against this
sentence, but when the appeal was heard in January 1885, his appeal was dismissed. He spent
less than two months in prison, however, being pardoned in March 1885.
                                             *******************
We next meet with the noble Earl in July 1885 when he was involved in a brawl in Hyde Park
with Sir George Chetwynd, his rival for the affections of the actress Lily Langtry. The following
account of this affair is from the Richmond, Virginia "State" and was reprinted in the "Aberdeen
Journal" of 22 August 1885:-
'All accounts of the fracas between Lord Lonsdale and Sir George Chetwynd in Rotten Row show
that the latter began the assault by striking Lord Lonsdale on the head with a whip and knocking
his hat off into the street. Both men were on horseback at the time. In delivering the blow, Sir
George cried, "Take that, you devil!"  "What in ----- do you mean?" rejoined Lord Lonsdale, 
smarting under the blow. "Don't meddle with my Lily!" shouted his assailant, as he again struck
Lord Lonsdale with his whip full across his shoulders.
'Lord Lonsdale then returned the blows with his whip. The horses of the combatants became
frightened, and began to plunge and kick in such a lively manner that their riders were at last
forced to dismount. Dropping their whips, they continued the fight with their fists. Sir George
Chetwynd soon got his opponent's head in chancery [presumably some form of head-lock] and
pummelled him repeatedly.
'Lord Lonsdale struggled to free himself, and both men rolled in the dust. Both quickly regained
their feet, and, with blood flowing freely from noses and mouths, and their clothing badly torn,
renewed the fight until a mounted policeman galloped up and separated them. The combatants
entered close carriages and were driven to their homes. Legal proceedings are threatened, but
friends of the men are trying to keep the matter out of the courts.'
Further newspaper reports state that when news of the fight reached the ears of the Prince of
Wales, he immediately cancelled all invitations to future receptions of both of the combatants.
It is certain that this action was not taken out of any feeling of punishing the two men for
fighting, but rather because they were both the Prince's rivals for Lily Langtry's favours.
                                             *******************
After spending much of 1886 in America, where he became embroiled in a scandal relating to
an English "actress" named Violet Cameron, Lonsdale again appeared on American soil in March 
1888. The purpose of this visit was, however, somewhat different, as the following report
from the "Chicago Daily Tribune" of 10 March 1888 explains:-
'Hugh Cecil Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale, arrived here again yesterday with an astonishing purpose -
that of travelling to the North Pole, accompanied by no-one but his valet. He first came to
America in 1879 and spent several weeks in the Rocky Mountains. His success in penetrating
comparatively unknown regions encouraged him, and, made reckless by recent social
complications, he has decided not only to emulate the example of former martyrs to science,
but to surpass them.
'He said: "I have come to America to do what no one else has done. I am on the point of
penetrating British America from the frontier of the United States to the Arctic Ocean, and then 
proceeding by water to the North Pole, if such be possible………'
Lonsdale set out from Winnipeg in April 1888 and for most of the next year the newspapers
reported his progress as news reached them from trappers and agents of the Hudson Bay
Company. He certainly reached well inside the Arctic Circle and was the subject of the almost
obligatory report of his death, but he emerged from the wilderness at Kodiak Island in Alaska in
February 1889, arriving back in England in late May. News of his return to civilization was 
reported in various papers, of which the following (Reynolds's Newspaper 14 April 1889) is 
typical:-
 
'The fishing schooner Cumberland, which arrived at Port Angeles, Washington Territory, on
Wednesday, brought news of Lord Lonsdale. According to this despatch, Lord Lonsdale and
a number of Esquimaux and Indian guides reached Kodiack about the middle of February in a
famished condition. They came from an isolated mission near the mouth of the Kuskewin River,
which empties into the Bristol Bay. The party suffered many hardships and privations, and
during the journey across the Alaskan Peninsula, Lord Lonsdale was severely injured. A few
days after leaving the mission-house, while in lead of his party, he slipped and fell into a
crevasse, and his left shoulder was so bruised that his arm was rendered useless, and his hip
was all but dislocated, incapacitating him for travel on foot. He was placed on a sled in that
condition, and transported to Kodiack. The great stretch of territory between the mission and 
the island was covered to a depth of several feet with light snow. A terrible blizzard that 
prevailed caught up the light particles in clouds, obliterating all tracks and landmarks familiar
to the guides, and making drifts through which it was next to impossible to make a passage.
On February 3 the party reached almost the centre of the peninsula, and a stop was made to
rest the dogs, who were in a worse condition than the men. The blizzard continued for four 
days, during which time Lord Lonsdale, the guides, dogs and all were huddled together under
a shelter made by standing the sleds on end. When the storm ceased, Lord Lonsdale was
found to be so ill from fatigue and the lack of proper nourishment and medical treatment, that
it was feared he would not survive the journey. The guides broke up one of the sleds and
built a fire, over which they cooked some food and boiled water, with which they bathed Lord
Lonsdale's injured parts, and reduced the swelling. He improved somewhat, and the journey
was resumed. During the latter half of the trip the temperature for several days registered
100 degrees below freezing point. Blizzards were continuous, and several of the dogs succumbed
from fatigue, and others wandered off and were lost in the snow. Just before reaching Cook's
Inlet two of the guides died and were buried in the snow. The party were in the stages of
starvation when they reached Kodiack and had not food and shelter been found there Lord
Lonsdale would have died. Captain Elliott offered them a passage in the Cumberland to New
Westminster, B.C., but Lord Lonsdale refused, stating that the party might remain at Kodiack
for a week or a month, perhaps longer, as suited his fancy. He stated positively that he had
had enough of Arctic exploration, and would return to England shortly.'
                                             *******************
One final aspect of the Earl's life is worth a reference. He was one of the two parties, the
other being J. Pierrepont Morgan, in a famous bet made in 1907 as to whether a man could
walk around the world without being identified.  A man named Harry Bensley offered to prove
the truth of the matter. Space forbids further information in this note, but for anyone
interested, I recommend they cut and paste the following website into their browser - 
http://mcnaught.orpheusweb.co.uk/HarryB/index.html
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