| BARONETAGE | ||||||
| Last updated 15/03/2022 | ||||||
| Names of baronets shown in blue | ||||||
| have not yet proved succession and, as a | ||||||
| result, their name has not yet been placed on | ||||||
| the Official Roll of the Baronetage. | ||||||
| Date | Type | Order | Name | Born | Died | Age |
| Dates in italics in the "Born" column indicate that the baronet was | ||||||
| baptised on that date; dates in italics in the "Died" column indicate | ||||||
| that the baronet was buried on that date | ||||||
| CAWLEY of Prestwich,Lincs | ||||||
| 1 Dec 1906 | UK | 1 | Frederick Cawley | 9 Oct 1850 | 30 Mar 1937 | 86 |
| He was subsequently created Baron Cawley | ||||||
| (qv) in 1918 with which title the | ||||||
| baronetcy remains merged | ||||||
| CAYLEY of Brompton,Yorks | ||||||
| 26 Apr 1661 | E | 1 | William Cayley | 5 Dec 1610 | 2 May 1681 | 70 |
| 2 May 1681 | 2 | William Cayley | 23 Jun 1635 | c 1708 | ||
| c 1708 | 3 | Arthur Cayley | c 1654 | 19 May 1727 | ||
| 19 May 1727 | 4 | George Cayley | c 1707 | Sep 1791 | ||
| Sep 1791 | 5 | Thomas Cayley | Aug 1732 | 15 Mar 1792 | 59 | |
| 15 Mar 1792 | 6 | George Cayley | 27 Dec 1773 | 15 Dec 1857 | 83 | |
| MP for Scarborough 1832-1834 | ||||||
| For further information on this baronet, see the | ||||||
| note at the foot of this page | ||||||
| 15 Dec 1857 | 7 | Digby Cayley | 13 Mar 1807 | 21 Dec 1883 | 76 | |
| 21 Dec 1883 | 8 | George Allanson Cayley | 31 Dec 1831 | 10 Oct 1895 | 63 | |
| 10 Oct 1895 | 9 | George Everard Arthur Cayley | 8 Jul 1861 | 15 Nov 1917 | 56 | |
| 15 Nov 1917 | 10 | Kenelm Henry Ernest Cayley | 24 Sep 1896 | 27 Dec 1967 | 71 | |
| 27 Dec 1967 | 11 | Digby William David Cayley | 3 Jun 1944 | |||
| CAYZER of Gartmore,Perth | ||||||
| 12 Dec 1904 | UK | 1 | Sir Charles Cayzer | 15 Jul 1843 | 28 Sep 1916 | 73 |
| MP for Barrow in Furness 1892-1906 | ||||||
| 28 Sep 1916 | 2 | Charles William Cayzer | 19 Jul 1869 | 20 Jul 1917 | 48 | |
| 20 Jul 1917 | 3 | Charles William Cayzer | 6 Jan 1896 | 18 Feb 1940 | 44 | |
| MP for Chester 1922-1940 | ||||||
| For further information on the death of this | ||||||
| baronet,see the note at the foot of this page | ||||||
| 18 Feb 1940 | 4 | Nigel John Cayzer | 16 Nov 1920 | 11 Sep 1943 | 22 | |
| 11 Sep 1943 | 5 | James Arthur Cayzer | 15 Nov 1931 | 27 Feb 2012 | 80 | |
| 27 Feb 2012 | 6 | Herbert Robin Cayzer | 12 Mar 1954 | |||
| He had previously succeeded as 3rd Baron | ||||||
| Rotherwick in 1996,with which peerage the | ||||||
| baronetcy then merged, although, as at | ||||||
| 30/06/2014 the baronetcy does not appear on | ||||||
| the Official Roll of the Baronetage | ||||||
| CAYZER of Roffey Park,Sussex | ||||||
| 17 Jan 1921 | UK | 1 | August Bernard Tellefsen Cayzer | 21 Jan 1876 | 28 Feb 1943 | 67 |
| 28 Feb 1943 | 2 | William Nicholas Cayzer | 21 Jan 1910 | 16 Apr 1999 | 89 | |
| to | He was subsequently created Baron Cayzer | |||||
| 16 Apr 1999 | (qv) in 1982 with which title the | |||||
| baronetcy merged until its extinction | ||||||
| in 1999 | ||||||
| CAYZER of Tylney,Hants | ||||||
| 29 Jan 1924 | UK | 1 | Herbert Robin Cayzer | 23 Jul 1881 | 16 Mar 1958 | 76 |
| He was subsequently created Baron | ||||||
| Rotherwick (qv) in 1939 with which title | ||||||
| the baronetcy remains merged | ||||||
| CHAD of Thursford,Norfolk | ||||||
| 28 Jul 1791 | GB | 1 | George Chad | 1730 | 24 Nov 1815 | 85 |
| 24 Nov 1815 | 2 | Charles Chad | 24 Apr 1779 | 30 Sep 1855 | 76 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 30 Sep 1855 | ||||||
| CHADWICK of Bidston,Cheshire | ||||||
| 3 Jul 1935 | UK | See "Burton-Chadwick" | ||||
| CHADWYCK-HEALEY of Wyphurst,Surrey | ||||||
| and New Place,Somerset | ||||||
| 6 May 1919 | UK | 1 | Sir Charles Edward Heley Chadwyck-Healey | 26 Aug 1845 | 5 Oct 1919 | 74 |
| 5 Oct 1919 | 2 | Gerald Edward Chadwyck-Healey | 16 May 1873 | 2 Feb 1955 | 81 | |
| 2 Feb 1955 | 3 | Edward Randal Chadwyck-Healey | 23 Jan 1898 | 22 Aug 1979 | 81 | |
| 22 Aug 1979 | 4 | Charles Arthur Chadwyck-Healey | 27 May 1910 | 14 Aug 1986 | 76 | |
| 14 Aug 1986 | 5 | Charles Edward Chadwyck-Healey | 13 May 1940 | |||
| CHALMERS of Cults,Aberdeen | ||||||
| 24 Nov 1664 | NS | 1 | James Chalmers | after 1664 | ||
| to | Presumably extinct on his death | |||||
| after 1664 | ||||||
| CHALONER of Guisborough,Yorks | ||||||
| 20 Jul 1620 | E | 1 | William Chaloner | 24 Mar 1588 | c 1641 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| c 1641 | ||||||
| CHAMBERLAIN of London | ||||||
| 22 Feb 1828 | UK | 1 | Henry Chamberlain | c 1774 | 31 Jul 1829 | |
| 31 Jul 1829 | 2 | Henry Chamberlain | 2 Oct 1796 | 8 Sep 1843 | 46 | |
| 8 Sep 1843 | 3 | Henry Orlando Robert Chamberlain | 15 Dec 1828 | 30 Dec 1870 | 42 | |
| 30 Dec 1870 | 4 | Henry Hamilton Erroll Chamberlain | 22 Nov 1857 | 28 Jun 1936 | 78 | |
| 28 Jun 1936 | 5 | Henry Wilmot Chamberlain | 17 May 1899 | 24 Dec 1980 | 81 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 24 Dec 1980 | ||||||
| CHAMBERLAYNE of Wickham,Oxon | ||||||
| 4 Feb 1643 | E | 1 | Thomas Chamberlayne | 6 Oct 1643 | ||
| 6 Oct 1643 | 2 | Thomas Chamberlayne | c 1635 | 1682 | ||
| 1682 | 3 | James Chamberlayne | c 1640 | Oct 1694 | ||
| Oct 1694 | 4 | James Chamberlayne | 23 Dec 1767 | |||
| 23 Dec 1767 | 5 | Henry Chamberlayne | 25 Jan 1776 | |||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 25 Jan 1776 | ||||||
| CHAMPION de CRESPIGNY | ||||||
| of Champion Lodge,Surrey | ||||||
| 31 Oct 1805 | UK | 1 | Claude Champion de Crespigny | 19 Dec 1734 | 29 Jan 1818 | 83 |
| 29 Jan 1818 | 2 | William Champion de Crespigny | 1 Jan 1765 | 28 Dec 1829 | 64 | |
| MP for Southampton 1818-1826 | ||||||
| 28 Dec 1829 | 3 | Claude William Champion de Crespigny | 25 Jun 1818 | 11 Aug 1868 | 50 | |
| 11 Aug 1868 | 4 | Claude Champion de Crespigny | 20 Apr 1847 | 26 Jun 1935 | 88 | |
| For further information on this baronet, see the | ||||||
| note at the foot of this page. | ||||||
| 26 Jun 1935 | 5 | Claude Raul Champion de Crespigny | 19 Sep 1878 | 15 May 1941 | 62 | |
| 15 May 1941 | 6 | Henry Champion de Crespigny | 11 Jul 1882 | 28 Oct 1946 | 64 | |
| 28 Oct 1946 | 7 | Frederick Philip Champion de Crespigny | 30 Dec 1884 | 12 Aug 1947 | 62 | |
| 12 Aug 1947 | 8 | Vivian Tyrell Champion de Crespigny | 25 Apr 1907 | 3 Mar 1952 | 44 | |
| to | For further information on this baronet, see the | |||||
| 3 Mar 1952 | note at the foot of this page. | |||||
| Extinct on his death | ||||||
| CHAMPNEYS of Orchardleigh,Somerset | ||||||
| 12 Jan 1767 | GB | 1 | Thomas Champneys | 9 Oct 1745 | 2 Jul 1821 | 75 |
| 2 Jul 1821 | 2 | Thomas Swymmer Mostyn-Champneys | 21 May 1769 | 21 Nov 1839 | 70 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 21 Nov 1839 | ||||||
| CHAMPNEYS of Littlemeads,Sussex | ||||||
| 13 Jul 1910 | UK | See "Dalrymple-Champneys" | ||||
| CHANCE of Grand Avenue,Hove,Sussex | ||||||
| 19 Jun 1900 | UK | 1 | James Timmins Chance | 22 Mar 1814 | 8 Jan 1902 | 87 |
| 8 Jan 1902 | 2 | William Chance | 2 Jul 1853 | 9 Apr 1935 | 81 | |
| 9 Apr 1935 | 3 | Roger James Ferguson Chance | 26 Jan 1893 | 23 Apr 1987 | 94 | |
| 23 Apr 1987 | 4 | George Jeremy ffolliott Chance | 24 Feb 1926 | 24 Dec 2017 | 91 | |
| 24 Dec 2017 | 5 | John Sebastian Chance | 2 Oct 1954 | |||
| CHANNING of Maiden Newton,Northants | ||||||
| 3 Dec 1906 | UK | 1 | Francis Allston Channing | 21 Mar 1841 | 20 Feb 1926 | 84 |
| He was subsequently created Baron Channing | ||||||
| of Wellingborough (qv) in 1912 with which title the | ||||||
| baronetcy then merged until its extinction in 1926 | ||||||
| CHAPLIN of Inner Temple,London | ||||||
| 19 Sep 1715 | GB | 1 | Robert Chaplin | c 1670 | 1 Jul 1726 | |
| MP for Grimsby 1715-1721 | ||||||
| 1 Jul 1726 | 2 | John Chaplin | 23 May 1730 | |||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 23 May 1730 | ||||||
| CHAPMAN of London | ||||||
| 27 Jun 1720 | GB | 1 | William Chapman | c 1670 | 7 May 1737 | |
| 7 May 1737 | 2 | John Chapman | c 1710 | 29 Jan 1781 | ||
| MP for Taunton 1741-1747 | ||||||
| 29 Jan 1781 | 3 | William Chapman | 1 Oct 1714 | 9 Feb 1785 | 70 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 9 Feb 1785 | ||||||
| CHAPMAN of Killua Castle,Westmeath | ||||||
| 11 Mar 1782 | I | 1 | Benjamin Chapman | 1745 | Jul 1810 | 65 |
| For information on the special remainder | ||||||
| included in this creation, see the note at | ||||||
| the foot of this page | ||||||
| Jul 1810 | 2 | Thomas Chapman | 20 Oct 1756 | 23 Dec 1837 | 81 | |
| 23 Dec 1837 | 3 | Montagu Lowther Chapman | 10 Dec 1808 | 17 May 1852 | 43 | |
| MP for Westmeath 1830-1841 | ||||||
| For information on the death of this baronet, | ||||||
| see the note at the foot of this page | ||||||
| 17 May 1852 | 4 | Benjamin James Chapman | 9 Feb 1810 | 3 Nov 1888 | 78 | |
| Lord Lieutenant Westmeath 1883-1888 | ||||||
| 3 Nov 1888 | 5 | Montagu Richard Chapman | 22 Feb 1853 | 22 Jan 1907 | 53 | |
| 22 Jan 1907 | 6 | Benjamin Rupert Chapman | 7 Dec 1865 | 22 Mar 1914 | 48 | |
| 22 Mar 1914 | 7 | Thomas Robert Tighe Chapman | 6 Nov 1846 | 8 Apr 1919 | 72 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 8 Apr 1919 | ||||||
| CHAPMAN of Cleadon,Durham | ||||||
| 30 Jan 1958 | UK | 1 | Sir Robert Chapman | 3 Mar 1880 | 31 Jul 1963 | 83 |
| MP for Houghton le Spring 1931-1935 | ||||||
| 31 Jul 1963 | 2 | Robert Macgowan Chapman | 12 Feb 1911 | 2 Aug 1987 | 76 | |
| 2 Aug 1987 | 3 | David Robert Macgowan Chapman | 16 Dec 1941 | |||
| CHARDIN of Inner Temple,London | ||||||
| 28 May 1720 | GB | 1 | John Chardin | 26 Apr 1755 | ||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 26 Apr 1755 | ||||||
| CHARLES of Waltham Abbey,Essex | ||||||
| 20 Mar 1928 | UK | 1 | Sir Richard Havelock Charles | 10 Mar 1858 | 27 Oct 1934 | 76 |
| 27 Oct 1934 | 2 | Allen Aitchison Havelock Charles | 19 Feb 1887 | 26 Aug 1936 | 49 | |
| 26 Aug 1936 | 3 | Noel Hughes Havelock Charles | 20 Nov 1891 | 8 Sep 1975 | 83 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 8 Sep 1975 | ||||||
| CHARLETON of Hesleyside,Northumberland | ||||||
| 6 Mar 1646 | E | 1 | Edward Charleton | c 1670 | ||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| c 1670 | ||||||
| CHARLTON of Ludford,Hereford | ||||||
| 12 May 1686 | E | 1 | Job Charlton | c 1614 | 26 May 1697 | |
| MP for Ludlow 1659,1660 and 1661-1679 | ||||||
| Speaker of the House of Commons 1673 | ||||||
| 26 May 1697 | 2 | Francis Charlton | 27 Jun 1651 | 21 Apr 1729 | 77 | |
| MP for Ludlow 1679-1685 and Bishops | ||||||
| Castle 1685-1687 | ||||||
| 21 Apr 1729 | 3 | Blunden Charlton | c 1682 | Dec 1742 | ||
| Dec 1742 | 4 | Francis Charlton | c 1707 | 3 Dec 1784 | ||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 3 Dec 1784 | ||||||
| CHATTERTON of Castle Mahon,Cork | ||||||
| 3 Aug 1801 | UK | 1 | James Chatterton | c 1750 | 9 Apr 1806 | |
| 9 Apr 1806 | 2 | William Abraham Chatterton | 5 Aug 1794 | 7 Aug 1855 | 61 | |
| 7 Aug 1855 | 3 | James Charles Chatterton | 1792 | 5 Jan 1874 | 81 | |
| to | MP for Cork 1835 and 1849-1852 | |||||
| 5 Jan 1874 | Extinct on his death | |||||
| CHAYTOR of Croft Hall,Yorks | ||||||
| 28 Jun 1671 | E | 1 | William Chaytor | 5 Aug 1639 | 7 Jan 1721 | 81 |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| Jan 1721 | ||||||
| CHAYTOR of Croft,Yorks | ||||||
| 30 Sep 1831 | UK | 1 | William Chaytor | 29 Apr 1771 | 28 Jan 1847 | 75 |
| MP for Sunderland 1832-1835 | ||||||
| 28 Jan 1847 | 2 | William Richard Carter Chaytor | 7 Feb 1805 | 9 Feb 1871 | 66 | |
| MP for Durham City 1831-1835 | ||||||
| 9 Feb 1871 | 3 | William Chaytor | 10 Sep 1837 | 8 Aug 1896 | 58 | |
| 8 Aug 1896 | 4 | William Henry Edward Chaytor | 14 Jun 1867 | 25 Apr 1908 | 40 | |
| 25 Apr 1908 | 5 | Walter Clervaux Chaytor | 27 Feb 1874 | 9 Jul 1913 | 39 | |
| 9 Jul 1913 | 6 | Edmund Hugh Chaytor | 11 Nov 1876 | 6 Feb 1935 | 58 | |
| 6 Feb 1935 | 7 | William Henry Clervaux Chaytor | 4 May 1914 | 5 Sep 1976 | 62 | |
| 5 Sep 1976 | 8 | George Reginald Chaytor | 28 Oct 1912 | 3 Jun 1999 | 86 | |
| 3 Jun 1999 | 9 | Herbert Gordon Chaytor | 15 Jun 1922 | |||
| CHEERE of Westminster,London | ||||||
| 19 Jul 1766 | GB | 1 | Henry Cheere | c 1703 | 15 Jan 1781 | |
| 15 Jan 1781 | 2 | William Cheere | c 1730 | 28 Feb 1808 | ||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 28 Feb 1808 | ||||||
| CHERNOCK of Hullcot,Beds | ||||||
| 21 May 1661 | E | 1 | John Chernock | c 1619 | 27 Nov 1681 | |
| Nov 1681 | 2 | Villiers Chernock | c 1641 | 27 Oct 1694 | ||
| MP for Bedfordshire 1685-1687 | ||||||
| Oct 1694 | 3 | Pynsent Chernock | by 1670 | 2 Sep 1734 | ||
| MP for Bedfordshire 1705-1708 and 1713- | ||||||
| 1715 | ||||||
| 2 Sep 1734 | 4 | Boteler Chernock | 30 Apr 1696 | 4 Aug 1756 | 60 | |
| MP for Bedford 1740-1747 | ||||||
| Aug 1756 | 5 | Villiers Chernock | 10 Jun 1779 | |||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| Jun 1779 | ||||||
| CHESTER of Chicheley,Bucks | ||||||
| 23 Mar 1620 | E | 1 | Anthony Chester | 10 Apr 1566 | 1 Dec 1635 | 69 |
| 1 Dec 1635 | 2 | Anthony Chester | 25 Mar 1593 | 15 Feb 1652 | 58 | |
| 15 Feb 1652 | 3 | Anthony Chester | c 1633 | 15 Feb 1698 | ||
| MP for Bedford 1685-1687 | ||||||
| 15 Feb 1698 | 4 | John Chester | 24 Jun 1666 | 6 Feb 1726 | 59 | |
| 6 Feb 1726 | 5 | William Chester | 5 Sep 1687 | 10 Mar 1726 | 38 | |
| 10 Mar 1726 | 6 | John Chester | 23 Apr 1693 | 8 Feb 1748 | 54 | |
| MP for Bedfordshire 1741-1747 | ||||||
| 8 Feb 1748 | 7 | Charles Bagot Chester | 1724 | 25 May 1755 | 30 | |
| 25 May 1755 | 8 | Francis Chester | 3 May 1694 | 18 Oct 1766 | 72 | |
| 18 Oct 1766 | 9 | Anthony Chester | 26 Jun 1706 | 17 May 1769 | 62 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 17 May 1769 | ||||||
| CHETWODE of Oakley,Bucks | ||||||
| 6 Apr 1700 | E | 1 | John Chetwode | 4 Sep 1666 | 22 Apr 1733 | 66 |
| 22 Apr 1733 | 2 | Philip Touchet Chetwode | 22 Jul 1700 | 15 Nov 1764 | 64 | |
| 15 Nov 1764 | 3 | John Touchet Chetwode | 29 Apr 1732 | 25 May 1779 | 47 | |
| 25 May 1779 | 4 | John Chetwode | 11 May 1764 | 17 Dec 1845 | 81 | |
| MP for Newcastle under Lyme 1815-1818 | ||||||
| and Buckingham 1841-1845 | ||||||
| 17 Dec 1845 | 5 | John Newdigate-Ludford-Chetwode | 12 Nov 1788 | 8 Sep 1873 | 84 | |
| 8 Sep 1873 | 6 | George Chetwode | 20 Jul 1823 | 28 Jun 1905 | 81 | |
| 28 Jun 1905 | 7 | Philip Walhouse Chetwode | 21 Sep 1869 | 6 Jul 1950 | 80 | |
| He was subsequently created Baron | ||||||
| Chetwode (qv) in 1945 with which title the | ||||||
| baronetcy remains merged | ||||||
| CHETWYND of Brocton Hall,Staffs | ||||||
| 1 May 1795 | GB | 1 | George Chetwynd | 26 Jul 1739 | 24 Mar 1824 | 84 |
| 24 Mar 1824 | 2 | George Chetwynd | 28 Jul 1783 | 24 May 1850 | 66 | |
| MP for Stafford 1820-1826 | ||||||
| 24 May 1850 | 3 | George Chetwynd | 6 Sep 1809 | 24 Mar 1869 | 59 | |
| 24 Mar 1869 | 4 | George Chetwynd | 31 May 1849 | 10 Mar 1917 | 67 | |
| 10 Mar 1917 | 5 | George Guy Chetwynd | 6 Dec 1874 | 27 Aug 1935 | 60 | |
| 27 Aug 1935 | 6 | Victor James Guy Chetwynd | 14 Nov 1902 | 25 Nov 1938 | 36 | |
| 25 Nov 1938 | 7 | Arthur Henry Talbot Chetwynd | 13 Apr 1887 | 24 Jul 1972 | 85 | |
| 24 Jul 1972 | 8 | Arthur Ralph Talbot Chetwynd | 28 Oct 1913 | 11 Jul 2004 | 90 | |
| 11 Jul 2004 | 9 | Robin John Talbot Chetwynd | 21 Aug 1941 | 18 May 2012 | 70 | |
| 18 May 2012 | 10 | Peter James Talbot Chetwynd | 21 Sep 1973 | |||
| CHEYNE of Leagarth,Shetland | ||||||
| 20 Jul 1908 | UK | 1 | William Watson Cheyne | 14 Dec 1852 | 19 Apr 1932 | 79 |
| MP for Edinburgh and St.Andrews | ||||||
| Universities 1917-1918 and Scottish | ||||||
| Universities 1918-1922. Lord Lieutenant | ||||||
| Orkney and Shetland 1919-1930 | ||||||
| 19 Apr 1932 | 2 | Joseph Lister Cheyne | 12 Jan 1888 | 20 Sep 1957 | 69 | |
| 20 Sep 1957 | 3 | Joseph Lister Watson Cheyne | 10 Oct 1914 | 16 Feb 2007 | 92 | |
| 16 Feb 2007 | 4 | Patrick John Lister Cheyne | 2 Jul 1941 | |||
| CHICHESTER of Raleigh,Devon | ||||||
| 4 Aug 1641 | E | 1 | John Chichester | 23 Apr 1623 | 2 Nov 1667 | 44 |
| MP for Barnstaple 1661-1667 | ||||||
| 2 Nov 1667 | 2 | John Chichester | c 1658 | 16 Sep 1680 | ||
| Sep 1680 | 3 | Arthur Chichester | c 1662 | 3 Feb 1718 | ||
| MP for Barnstaple 1685-1687, 1689-1690 and | ||||||
| 1713-1718 | ||||||
| 3 Feb 1718 | 4 | John Chichester | 2 Jan 1689 | 2 Sep 1740 | 51 | |
| MP for Barnstaple 1734-1740 | ||||||
| 2 Sep 1740 | 5 | John Chichester | 26 Mar 1721 | 18 Dec 1784 | 63 | |
| 18 Dec 1784 | 6 | John Chichester | c 1752 | 30 Sep 1808 | ||
| 30 Sep 1808 | 7 | Arthur Chichester | 25 Apr 1790 | 30 May 1842 | 52 | |
| 30 May 1842 | 8 | Arthur Chichester | 4 Oct 1822 | 13 Jul 1898 | 75 | |
| 13 Jul 1898 | 9 | Edward Chichester | 20 Nov 1849 | 17 Sep 1906 | 56 | |
| 17 Sep 1906 | 10 | Edward George Chichester | 22 Jan 1888 | 26 Sep 1940 | 52 | |
| 26 Sep 1940 | 11 | Edward John Chichester | 14 Apr 1916 | 14 May 2007 | 91 | |
| 14 May 2007 | 12 | James Henry Edward Chichester | 15 Oct 1951 | |||
| CHICHESTER of Greencastle,co. Donegal | ||||||
| 13 Sep 1821 | UK | 1 | Arthur Chichester | 8 Dec 1769 | 25 May 1847 | 77 |
| to | MP for Carrickfergus 1812-1818 and 1820-1830 | |||||
| 25 May 1847 | and Belfast 1818-1820 and 1830-1832 | |||||
| Extinct on his death | ||||||
| CHICHESTER of Arlington Court,Devon | ||||||
| 7 Sep 1840 | UK | 1 | John Palmer Bruce Chichester | c 1794 | 10 Dec 1851 | |
| MP for Barnstaple 1831-1841 | ||||||
| 10 Dec 1851 | 2 | Alexander Palmer Bruce Chichester | 24 Dec 1842 | 25 Jan 1881 | 38 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 25 Jan 1881 | ||||||
| CHILD of Wanstead,Essex | ||||||
| 16 Jul 1678 | E | 1 | Josias Child | c 1630 | 22 Jun 1699 | |
| MP for Petersfield 1659, Dartmouth 1673- | ||||||
| 1679 and Ludlow 1685-1689 | ||||||
| 22 Jun 1699 | 2 | Josiah Child | c 1668 | 20 Jan 1704 | ||
| MP for Wareham 1702-1704 | ||||||
| 20 Jan 1704 | 3 | Richard Child | 5 Feb 1680 | Mar 1750 | 70 | |
| He was subsequently created Earl Tylney | ||||||
| (qv) in 1731 with which title the | ||||||
| baronetcy then merged until its extinction in 1784 | ||||||
| CHILD of Surat,India | ||||||
| 4 Feb 1685 | E | 1 | John Child | early 1690 | ||
| early 1690 | 2 | Caesar Child | c 1678 | 7 Mar 1725 | ||
| 7 Mar 1725 | 3 | Caesar Child | 8 Feb 1702 | 24 Sep 1753 | 51 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 24 Sep 1753 | ||||||
| CHILD of Newfield and Stallington,Staffs | ||||||
| and Dunlosset,Argyll | ||||||
| 7 Dec 1868 | UK | 1 | Smith Child | 5 Mar 1808 | 27 Mar 1896 | 88 |
| MP for Staffordshire North 1851-1859 and | ||||||
| Staffordshire West 1868-1874 | ||||||
| 27 Mar 1896 | 2 | Smith Hill Child | 19 Sep 1880 | 11 Nov 1958 | 78 | |
| to | MP for Stone 1918-1922 | |||||
| 11 Nov 1958 | Extinct on his death | |||||
| CHILD of Bromley Place,Kent | ||||||
| 16 Sep 1919 | UK | 1 | Coles Child | 6 Apr 1862 | 29 Jan 1929 | 66 |
| 29 Jan 1929 | 2 | Coles John Child | 11 Feb 1906 | 26 May 1971 | 65 | |
| 26 May 1971 | 3 | Coles John Jeremy Child | 20 Sep 1944 | 7 Mar 2022 | 77 | |
| 7 Mar 2022 | 4 | Coles John Alexander Child | 10 May 1982 | |||
| CHINNERY of Flintfield,Cork | ||||||
| 29 Aug 1799 | I | 1 | Broderick Chinnery | 13 Feb 1742 | May 1808 | 66 |
| MP for Bandon 1801-1806 | ||||||
| May 1808 | 2 | Broderick Chinnery | 29 May 1779 | 19 Jan 1840 | 60 | |
| 19 Jan 1840 | 3 | Nicholas Chinnery | 7 Jul 1804 | 20 Aug 1868 | 64 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 20 Aug 1868 | He and his wife were both killed in a train accident. | |||||
| For further details,see the note under the 7th | ||||||
| Baron Farnham in the peerage section | ||||||
| CHINUBHAI of Shahpur,India | ||||||
| 6 Feb 1913 | UK | See "Ranchhodlal" | ||||
| CHISHOLM of Belhaven Terrace,Glasgow | ||||||
| and St.John's Mount, Dunblane, Perth | ||||||
| 3 Feb 1903 | UK | Samuel Chisholm | 23 Sep 1836 | 27 Sep 1923 | 87 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 27 Sep 1923 | ||||||
| CHITTY of the Temple,London | ||||||
| 25 Jan 1924 | UK | 1 | Sir Thomas Willes Chitty | 24 Jun 1855 | 15 Feb 1930 | 74 |
| 15 Feb 1930 | 2 | Thomas Henry Willes Chitty | 30 Jul 1891 | 26 Feb 1955 | 63 | |
| 26 Feb 1955 | 3 | Thomas Willes Chitty | 2 Mar 1926 | 7 Mar 2014 | 88 | |
| 7 Mar 2014 | 4 | Andrew Edward Willes Chitty | 20 Nov 1953 | |||
| CHOLMELEY of Whitby,Yorks | ||||||
| 16 Aug 1641 | E | 1 | Hugh Cholmeley | 22 Jul 1600 | 20 Nov 1657 | 57 |
| MP for Scarborough 1624-1625, 1625, 1626 | ||||||
| 1640 and 1640-1643 | ||||||
| 20 Nov 1657 | 2 | William Cholmeley | Dec 1625 | 11 Oct 1663 | 37 | |
| 11 Oct 1663 | 3 | Hugh Cholmeley | c 1662 | 2 Jul 1665 | ||
| 2 Jul 1665 | 4 | Hugh Cholmeley | 21 Jul 1632 | 9 Jan 1689 | 56 | |
| to | MP for Northampton 1679 and Thirsk | |||||
| 9 Jan 1689 | 1685-1687 | |||||
| Extinct on his death | ||||||
| CHOLMELEY of Easton Hall,Lincs | ||||||
| 4 Mar 1806 | UK | 1 | Montague Cholmeley | 20 Mar 1772 | 10 Mar 1831 | 58 |
| MP for Grantham 1820-1826 | ||||||
| 10 Mar 1831 | 2 | Montague John Cholmeley | 5 Aug 1802 | 18 Jan 1874 | 71 | |
| MP for Grantham 1826-1831 and Lincolnshire | ||||||
| North 1847-1852 and 1857-1874 | ||||||
| 18 Jan 1874 | 3 | Hugh Arthur Henry Cholmeley | 18 Oct 1839 | 14 Feb 1904 | 64 | |
| MP for Grantham 1868-1880 | ||||||
| 14 Feb 1904 | 4 | Montagu Aubrey Rowley Cholmeley | 12 Jun 1876 | 24 Dec 1914 | 38 | |
| 24 Dec 1914 | 5 | Hugh John Francis Sibthorp Cholmeley | 7 Feb 1906 | 1 Feb 1964 | 57 | |
| 1 Feb 1964 | 6 | Montague John Cholmeley | 27 Mar 1935 | 25 Nov 1998 | 63 | |
| 25 Nov 1998 | 7 | Hugh John Frederick Sebastian Cholmeley | 31 Jan 1968 | |||
| CHOLMONDELEY of Cholmondeley,Cheshire | ||||||
| 29 Jun 1611 | E | 1 | Robert Cholmondeley | 26 Jun 1584 | 2 Oct 1659 | 75 |
| He was subsequently created Viscount | ||||||
| Cholmondeley (qv) in 1628 with which title | ||||||
| the baronetcy then merged until its | ||||||
| extinction in 1659 | ||||||
| CHRISTISON of Moray Place,Edinburgh | ||||||
| 28 Nov 1871 | UK | 1 | Robert Christison | 18 Jul 1797 | 27 Jan 1882 | 84 |
| 27 Jan 1882 | 2 | Alexander Christison | 26 Aug 1828 | 14 Oct 1918 | 90 | |
| 14 Oct 1918 | 3 | Robert Alexander Christison | 23 Feb 1870 | 15 May 1945 | 75 | |
| 15 May 1945 | 4 | Alexander Frank Philip Christison | 17 Nov 1893 | 21 Dec 1993 | 100 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 21 Dec 1993 | ||||||
| CHUBB of Newlands,Kent | ||||||
| 20 Jun 1900 | UK | 1 | George Hayter Chubb | 29 Aug 1848 | 7 Nov 1946 | 98 |
| He was subsequently created Baron | ||||||
| Hayter (qv) in 1927 with which title the | ||||||
| baronetcy then merged,although,as at 30/06/2014, | ||||||
| the baronetcy does not appear on the | ||||||
| Official Roll of the Baronetage | ||||||
| CHUBB of Stonehenge,Wilts | ||||||
| 17 Sep 1919 | UK | 1 | Cecil Herbert Edward Chubb | 14 Apr 1876 | 22 Sep 1934 | 58 |
| 22 Sep 1934 | 2 | John Corbin Chubb | 23 Feb 1904 | 9 May 1957 | 53 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 9 May 1957 | For further information on this baronet, see | |||||
| the note at the foot of this page | ||||||
| CHUDLEIGH of Ashton,Devon | ||||||
| 1 Aug 1622 | E | 1 | George Chudleigh | c 1578 | 15 Jan 1658 | |
| MP for St.Michaels 1601, East Looe 1614, | ||||||
| Lostwithiel 1621-1622 and 1625 and | ||||||
| Tiverton 1624-1625 | ||||||
| 15 Jan 1658 | 2 | George Chudleigh | 1612 | 1691 | 79 | |
| 1691 | 3 | George Chudleigh | 1718 | |||
| 1718 | 4 | George Chudleigh | 10 Oct 1738 | |||
| 10 Oct 1738 | 5 | Thomas Chudleigh | 23 Jun 1741 | |||
| 23 Jun 1741 | 6 | John Chudleigh | 1 Aug 1745 | |||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 1 Aug 1745 | ||||||
| CHURCH of Woodside, Herts, Belshill, | ||||||
| Northumberland and Harley Street, London | ||||||
| 8 Mar 1901 | UK | 1 | William Selby Church | 4 Dec 1837 | 27 Apr 1928 | 90 |
| 27 Apr 1928 | 2 | Geoffrey Selby Church | 11 Jan 1887 | 8 Oct 1979 | 92 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 8 Oct 1979 | ||||||
| CHURCHMAN of Abbey Oaks,Suffolk | ||||||
| 3 Jul 1917 | UK | 1 | Arthur Charles Churchman | 7 Sep 1867 | 3 Feb 1949 | 81 |
| He was subsequently created Baron | ||||||
| Woodbridge (qv) in 1932 with which title | ||||||
| the baronetcy then merged until its | ||||||
| extinction in 1949 | ||||||
| CHURCHMAN of Melton,Suffolk | ||||||
| 29 Jun 1938 | UK | 1 | Sir William Alfred Churchman | 23 Aug 1864 | 25 Nov 1947 | 83 |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 25 Nov 1947 | ||||||
| CHUTE of Hinxhill Place,Kent | ||||||
| 17 Sep 1684 | E | 1 | George Chute | 10 Feb 1665 | 4 Feb 1722 | 56 |
| to | MP for Winchelsea 1696-1698 | |||||
| 4 Feb 1722 | Extinct on his death | |||||
| CHUTE of the Vyne,Basingstoke,Hants | ||||||
| 4 Jul 1952 | UK | 1 | Charles Lennard Chute | 6 May 1879 | 29 Sep 1956 | 77 |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 29 Sep 1956 | ||||||
| CLARGES of St Martins in the Fields,London | ||||||
| 30 Oct 1674 | E | 1 | Walter Clarges | 4 Jul 1653 | Mar 1706 | 52 |
| MP for Colchester 1679-1681 and 1685-1687 | ||||||
| and Westminster 1690-1695 and 1702-1705 | ||||||
| Mar 1706 | 2 | Thomas Clarges | 25 Jul 1688 | 19 Feb 1759 | 70 | |
| MP for Lostwithiel 1713-1715 | ||||||
| 19 Feb 1759 | 3 | Thomas Clarges | 4 Oct 1751 | 23 Dec 1782 | 31 | |
| MP for Lincoln 1780-1782 | ||||||
| 23 Dec 1782 | 4 | Thomas Clarges | c 1780 | 17 Feb 1834 | ||
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 17 Feb 1834 | ||||||
| CLARK of St George's, | ||||||
| Hanover Square,London | ||||||
| 11 Nov 1837 | UK | 1 | James Clark | 14 Dec 1788 | 29 Jun 1870 | 81 |
| 29 Jun 1870 | 2 | John Forbes Clark | 1 Jul 1821 | 13 Apr 1910 | 88 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 13 Apr 1910 | ||||||
| CLARK of Cavendish Square,London | ||||||
| 9 Aug 1883 | UK | 1 | Andrew Clark | 28 Oct 1826 | 6 Nov 1893 | 67 |
| 6 Nov 1893 | 2 | James Richardson Andrew Clark | 24 Aug 1852 | 18 Jan 1948 | 95 | |
| 18 Jan 1948 | 3 | Andrew Edmund James Clark | 18 Jul 1898 | 19 May 1979 | 80 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 19 May 1979 | ||||||
| CLARK of Melville Crescent,Edinburgh | ||||||
| 28 Sep 1886 | UK | 1 | Thomas Clark | 5 Sep 1823 | 24 Dec 1900 | 77 |
| 24 Dec 1900 | 2 | John Maurice Clark | 7 Mar 1859 | 27 May 1924 | 65 | |
| 27 May 1924 | 3 | Thomas Clark | 30 Mar 1886 | 21 Apr 1977 | 91 | |
| 21 Apr 1977 | 4 | John Douglas Clark | 9 Jan 1923 | 17 Jan 1991 | 68 | |
| 17 Jan 1991 | 5 | Francis Drake Clark | 16 Jul 1924 | 20 Dec 2019 | 96 | |
| 20 Dec 2019 | 6 | Edward Drake Clark | 27 Apr 1966 | |||
| CLARK of Dunlambert,Belfast | ||||||
| 6 Jul 1917 | UK | 1 | George Smith Clark | 8 Nov 1861 | 23 Mar 1935 | 73 |
| MP for Belfast North 1907-1910 | ||||||
| 23 Mar 1935 | 2 | George Ernest Clark | 25 Jul 1882 | 10 Nov 1950 | 68 | |
| 10 Nov 1950 | 3 | George Anthony Clark | 24 Jan 1914 | 20 Feb 1991 | 77 | |
| 20 Feb 1991 | 4 | Colin Douglas Clark | 20 Jul 1918 | 26 Apr 1995 | 76 | |
| 26 Apr 1995 | 5 | Jonathan George Clark | 9 Oct 1947 | |||
| CLARK of Dundas,West Lothian | ||||||
| 12 Feb 1918 | UK | See "Stewart-Clark" | ||||
| CLARKE of Salford Shirland,Warwicks | ||||||
| 1 May 1617 | E | 1 | Simon Clarke | c 1642 | ||
| c 1642 | 2 | John Clarke | c 1679 | |||
| c 1679 | 3 | Simon Clarke | 1635 | 10 Nov 1687 | 52 | |
| 10 Nov 1687 | 4 | Simon Clarke | c 1662 | 1718 | ||
| 1718 | 5 | Simon Peter Clarke | 1736 | |||
| For further information on this baronet, see the | ||||||
| note at the foot of this page. | ||||||
| 1736 | 6 | Simon Clarke | 7 Feb 1770 | |||
| 7 Feb 1770 | 7 | Simon Clarke | 2 Nov 1727 | 2 Nov 1777 | 50 | |
| 2 Nov 1777 | 8 | Philip Haughton Clarke | 1761 | 12 May 1798 | 36 | |
| 12 May 1798 | 9 | Simon Haughton Clarke | 7 Nov 1764 | 28 Aug 1832 | 67 | |
| 28 Aug 1832 | 10 | Simon Haughton Clarke | 7 Apr 1818 | 28 Apr 1849 | 31 | |
| 28 Apr 1849 | 11 | Philip Haughton Clarke | 11 Apr 1819 | 9 Feb 1898 | 78 | |
| to | On his death the baronetcy became either | |||||
| 9 Feb 1898 | dormant or extinct | |||||
| CLARKE of Snailwell,Cambs | ||||||
| 25 Jul 1698 | E | 1 | Samuel Clarke | 8 Mar 1719 | ||
| 8 Mar 1719 | 2 | Robert Clarke | 1683 | Nov 1746 | 63 | |
| MP for Cambridgeshire 1717-1722 | ||||||
| Nov 1746 | 3 | Samuel Clarke | 12 May 1712 | 10 Nov 1758 | 46 | |
| 10 Nov 1758 | 4 | Robert Clarke | 22 Jan 1714 | 18 Aug 1770 | 56 | |
| 18 Aug 1770 | 5 | John Clarke | c 1763 | 8 Nov 1782 | ||
| 8 Nov 1782 | 6 | Arthur Clarke | 6 Feb 1715 | 23 May 1806 | 91 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 23 May 1806 | ||||||
| CLARKE of Dunham Lodge,Norfolk | ||||||
| 30 Sep 1831 | UK | 1 | Charles Mansfield Clarke | 28 May 1782 | 7 Sep 1857 | 75 |
| 7 Sep 1857 | 2 | Charles Clarke | 15 Jun 1812 | 25 Apr 1899 | 86 | |
| 25 Apr 1899 | 3 | Charles Mansfield Clarke | 13 Dec 1839 | 22 Apr 1932 | 92 | |
| Governor of Malta 1903-1907 | ||||||
| 22 Apr 1932 | 4 | Orme Bigland Clarke | 8 Oct 1880 | 31 Mar 1949 | 68 | |
| 31 Mar 1949 | 5 | Humphrey Orme Clarke | 6 Jul 1906 | 22 Jan 1973 | 66 | |
| 22 Jan 1973 | 6 | Charles Mansfield Tobias Clarke | 8 Sep 1939 | |||
| CLARKE of Rupertswood,Victoria,Australia | ||||||
| 29 Dec 1882 | UK | 1 | William John Clarke | 28 Mar 1831 | 15 May 1897 | 66 |
| 15 May 1897 | 2 | Rupert Turner Havelock Clarke | 16 Mar 1865 | 25 Dec 1926 | 61 | |
| 25 Dec 1926 | 3 | Rupert William John Clarke | 5 Nov 1919 | 4 Feb 2005 | 85 | |
| 4 Feb 2005 | 4 | Rupert Grant Alexander Clarke | 12 Dec 1947 | |||
| CLARKE-JERVOISE of Idsworth,Hants | ||||||
| 13 Nov 1813 | UK | 1 | Samuel Clarke-Jervoise | 25 Nov 1770 | 1 Oct 1852 | 81 |
| 1 Oct 1852 | 2 | Jervoise Clarke-Jervoise | 28 Apr 1804 | 1 Apr 1889 | 84 | |
| MP for Hampshire South 1857-1868 | ||||||
| 1 Apr 1889 | 3 | Arthur Henry Clarke-Jervoise | 3 Jan 1856 | 29 Aug 1902 | 46 | |
| 29 Aug 1902 | 4 | Henry Clarke-Jervoise | 7 Sep 1831 | 2 Mar 1908 | 76 | |
| 2 Mar 1908 | 5 | Harry Samuel Cumming Clarke-Jervoise | 2 Apr 1832 | 28 May 1911 | 79 | |
| 28 May 1911 | 6 | Eustace James Clarke-Jervoise | 14 Mar 1870 | 11 May 1916 | 46 | |
| 11 May 1916 | 7 | Dudley Alan Lestock Clarke-Jervoise | 27 Nov 1876 | 24 Aug 1933 | 56 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 24 Aug 1933 | ||||||
| CLARKE-TRAVERS of Crosses Green,Cork | ||||||
| 28 Jun 1804 | UK | 1 | William Clarke | 1 Sep 1762 | 7 Feb 1808 | 45 |
| 7 Feb 1808 | 2 | William Henry St.Laurence Clarke (Clarke- | ||||
| Travers from 1853) | 3 Aug 1801 | 31 Aug 1877 | 76 | |||
| 31 Aug 1877 | 3 | Guy Francis Travers Clarke-Travers | 22 Oct 1842 | 2 Jul 1905 | 62 | |
| 2 Jul 1905 | 4 | Edward Henry St.Lawrence Clarke | 17 Apr 1857 | 7 May 1926 | 69 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 7 May 1926 | ||||||
| CLAUGHTON of Dudley Priory,Worcs | ||||||
| 4 Jul 1912 | UK | 1 | Gilbert Henry Claughton | 21 Feb 1856 | 27 Jun 1921 | 65 |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 27 Jun 1921 | ||||||
| CLAVERING of Axwell,Durham | ||||||
| 5 Jun 1661 | E | 1 | James Clavering | 3 Feb 1620 | 24 Mar 1702 | 82 |
| MP for Durham 1656-1658 | ||||||
| Mar 1702 | 2 | James Clavering | 8 Apr 1668 | 8 Jul 1707 | 39 | |
| Jul 1707 | 3 | John Clavering | 9 Apr 1672 | 13 May 1714 | 42 | |
| May 1714 | 4 | James Clavering | 3 Aug 1708 | 18 May 1726 | 17 | |
| 18 May 1726 | 5 | Francis Clavering | 9 Sep 1673 | 31 Dec 1738 | 65 | |
| 31 Dec 1738 | 6 | James Clavering | 19 Aug 1680 | 12 May 1748 | 67 | |
| 12 May 1748 | 7 | Thomas Clavering | 19 Jun 1719 | 14 Oct 1794 | 75 | |
| MP for St.Mawes 1753-1754, Shaftesbury | ||||||
| 1754-1761 and Durham County 1768-1790 | ||||||
| 14 Oct 1794 | 8 | Thomas John Clavering | 6 Apr 1771 | 4 Nov 1853 | 82 | |
| 4 Nov 1853 | 9 | William Aloysius Clavering | 21 Jan 1800 | 8 Oct 1872 | 72 | |
| 8 Oct 1872 | 10 | Henry Augustus Clavering | 30 Aug 1824 | 9 Nov 1893 | 69 | |
| to | Extinct on his death | |||||
| 9 Nov 1893 | For further information on this baronet,see the | |||||
| note at the foot of this page | ||||||
| Sir George Cayley, 6th baronet | ||||||
| Sir George Cayley is considered by many to be the first true scientific investigator of flight. | ||||||
| His biography appeared in the February 1966 issue of the monthly Australian magazine | ||||||
| "Parade":- | ||||||
| "One day in 1852 a coachman [or footman or butler - sources differ] employed by Sir George | ||||||
| Cayley, the squire of Brompton Hall in Yorkshire, earned himself a small but imperishable niche | ||||||
| in history. He became the first man ever to fly in a heavier-than-air machine. For 500 yards, in | ||||||
| a weird contraption with a boatlike hull, four circular wings and a rudder like a bird's tail, the | ||||||
| reluctant aeronaut skimmed through the air from a low hill in the grounds of Brompton Hall. Then | ||||||
| he struck the ground with a jarring crash. He was still dragging himself painfully from the over- | ||||||
| turned glider as the 79-year-old Cayley came puffing to the scene. "Please Sir George," the | ||||||
| terrified coachman gasped. "I wish to give notice at once. You hired me to drive your carriage, | ||||||
| not to go flying through the air!" | ||||||
| "Sir George Cayley's experiments in flying form one of the most extraordinary stories in science | ||||||
| for his genius was almost completely forgotten for nearly 100 years after his death. Cayley was | ||||||
| the first to grasp the basic principle of heavier-than-air flight - that a flat plane, or wing, | ||||||
| moving edgewise through the air develops "lift" because of the differing air pressures on the | ||||||
| upper and lower surfaces. He proved his theory with gliders, beginning with toy models and | ||||||
| eventually producing crude machines capable of launching man on his career of conquest of the | ||||||
| air. Cayley dreamt of powered aircraft that would one day traverse the whole globe. But his own | ||||||
| experiments were continually thwarted by the heavy, cumbersome sources of power available in | ||||||
| the age in which he lived. He tried steam engines, hot-air engines and engines powered by the | ||||||
| explosion of gunpowder, only to find them all impracticable. Not until the modern internal | ||||||
| combustion engine was developed long after Cayley's death was it possible to realise his vision | ||||||
| powered heavier-than-air flying machines. By then Cayley's work had fallen into oblivion. Only | ||||||
| the rusting remnants of his gliders at Brompton Hall remained as testimony to a lifetime of | ||||||
| unacknowledged genius. | ||||||
| George Cayley was born on December 27, 1773, and at the age of 19 succeeded to his father's | ||||||
| baronetcy and substantial estate at Brompton in Yorkshire. Cayley however was very different | ||||||
| from the country squire. In boyhood he had shown a restlessly inquiring mind and a fascination | ||||||
| with all kinds of mechanical problems. The feats of the pioneer balloonists (he was 11 when the | ||||||
| first balloon crossed the English Channel) turned his thoughts to the passion that was to inspire | ||||||
| rest of his long life. The lighter-than-air balloons were at the mercy of every breeze. Young | ||||||
| Cayley became convinced that man would never really conquer the new element until he | ||||||
| devised some controllable, powered, heavier-than-air machine. | ||||||
| "By 1796 he was already filling notebooks with speculations about flight. He tried crude | ||||||
| experiments with toy helicopters made of wood and birds' feathers and powered by twisted | ||||||
| cords. He noted how birds could sail effortlessly through the air without any apparent motion of | ||||||
| the wings. Little by little his revolutionary theory of aeronautics emerged from the mass of data. | ||||||
| Cayley's other experiments in mechanics, especially with hot-air expansion engines and | ||||||
| ballistics, had taught him much about atmospheric pressures. But some years passed before he | ||||||
| realised the relation of air pressure to the problems of flight. | ||||||
| "In 1804-1805 when Napoleon's threat of invasion hung heavily over England, Cayley's | ||||||
| researches were side-tracked into schemes for improving naval and artillery cannon. Cayley was | ||||||
| convinced that conical-shaped ammunition would be much more accurate and cover a longer | ||||||
| range than the traditional round cannon balls. And he set out to prove it with his usual zeal. He | ||||||
| borrowed a six-pounder gun and barrels of gunpowder from the government stores at | ||||||
| Scarborough, set up his own foundry and began casting conical shot fitted with fins to make | ||||||
| them spin in the air. The gun was planted on the beach near Scarborough and for weeks Cayley | ||||||
| blazed away with his new ammunition over the North Sea while service officers and local | ||||||
| inhabitants watched in amazement. The tests were not very convincing because the shot fitted | ||||||
| badly into the old-fashioned gun. Cayley was years ahead of his time though he is now recog- | ||||||
| nised as "the father of the principle of streamlining." | ||||||
| "Some years later he made another momentous contribution to military science when he publish- | ||||||
| ed plans for a steam-driven machine with a caterpillar tread which "could be made to convey | ||||||
| artillery over places otherwise inaccessible." This was the germ of the 20th century army tank, | ||||||
| though Cayley in his lifetime never received credit for being the first to realise the potentialities | ||||||
| of caterpillar traction. | ||||||
| "Meanwhile, unknown to the scientific world, Cayley was ceaselessly pushing on with his aero- | ||||||
| nautical experiments in the seclusion of his Yorkshire estate. With the aid of two local | ||||||
| mechanics he began building a series of gliders beginning with tiny toy models and increasing | ||||||
| them to craft weighing nearly 200lb. with a wing surface of 300 square feet. Then in 1809 | ||||||
| Cayley was ready to announce his work to the scientific world and the first of his epoch- | ||||||
| making essays on Aerial Navigation appeared in Nicholson's Journal in London. The Journal had | ||||||
| only a small circulation and Cayley's researches at first aroused little interest among the few | ||||||
| scientists and engineers who read it. To most people "aeronautics" meant balloons. The idea | ||||||
| that man might fly in machines heavier than air was fantastic and outraged all the known laws | ||||||
| of nature. | ||||||
| "Cayley himself had no illusions about the problem. It was one thing to get a glider airborne, it | ||||||
| was another to provide it with power that would keep it up there and control its flight. Yet he | ||||||
| was the first man to see that theoretically it was possible. He had calculated correctly that the | ||||||
| faster an aircraft was driven forward the greater the weight it would support because of the air | ||||||
| pressures set up above and below the wings. This was the simple principle on which all heavier- | ||||||
| than-air flight was based. It had nothing to do with flapping wings and all the other fanciful | ||||||
| ideas of the past. | ||||||
| "Cayley never solved the problem of motive power for his gliders. But, throughout the years of | ||||||
| discouragement and ridicule, he never completely gave up hope. He quickly saw that steam | ||||||
| engines were impossibly weighty and cumbrous and no aircraft could stagger off the ground | ||||||
| loaded with boilers, furnaces and heaps of coal. He experimented with hot-air expansion | ||||||
| engines and an engine whose piston was driven by explosions of gunpowder. What was wanted, | ||||||
| Cayley wrote in one learned journal, was a "gas-tight apparatus firing beneath the piston a | ||||||
| mixture of inflammable gas and common air." This was, in fact, the conception of the internal | ||||||
| combustion engine which years later - when Cayley was forgotten - was to make possible the | ||||||
| modern motor car and aeroplane. | ||||||
| "Cayley continued building bigger and more efficient gliders but for a long time after the 1820s | ||||||
| he turned his mechanical genius to engines for lighter-than-air balloons and airships. He | ||||||
| produced plans for a steam-driven dirigible capable of carrying 16 tons of fuel and 290 pass- | ||||||
| engers for a distance of 500 miles and tried to launch a national fund to build it. Cayley | ||||||
| appealed unsuccessfully for 1500 subscriptions of one guinea each. Efforts by Cayley to found | ||||||
| a Society for Promoting Aerial Navigation were equally futile. But, thwarted | ||||||
| in one direction, his busy mind turned to half a dozen | ||||||
| other projects. | ||||||
| "In 1838 he helped found the Polytechnic Institute in London to introduce scientific wonders to | ||||||
| the masses. He produced plans for unsinkable lifeboats, artificial limbs for cripples, methods of | ||||||
| land drainage and for extracting deadly gases from coal mines. By the 1840s the name of Sir | ||||||
| George Cayley, the odd Yorkshire squire, was known throughout the country for almost every- | ||||||
| thing except the researches on which he had set his heart. Only the handful who read obscure | ||||||
| scientific journals knew about the gliders that still swooped down the Brompton hills and the | ||||||
| mass of calculations that Cayley was building up about their performances. | ||||||
| "By now a few other pioneers were working on the same problems and in 1842 W[illiam] S[amuel] | ||||||
| Henson [1812-1888] produced plans for a monster steamdriven monoplane with a wingspan of | ||||||
| 150 feet. A Bill to legalise Henson's Aerial Steam Transit Company was laughed out of the House | ||||||
| of Commons. Cayley himself ridiculed any prospect of using steam power to keep aircraft in the | ||||||
| air. | ||||||
| "Cayley was well into his 70s, a robust old man with ruddy face and flowing white sidewhiskers, | ||||||
| when he decided to make the first daring experiment of sending a human being up in his gliders. | ||||||
| He tried first with sacks of ballast. Then he induced a small boy to take to the air, though this | ||||||
| did not rank as a true flight as the glider was towed along at the end of a rope like a kite. Not | ||||||
| until 1852 was Cayley confident that he had built a craft strong enough to take an adult human | ||||||
| on the 500-yard flight from the top of a hill at Brompton into the fields below. The name of Sir | ||||||
| George Cayley's coachman is not recorded. But, whoever he was, that frightened servant was | ||||||
| the first man in history to fly in an aircraft heavier than air. Within five years of the epic event | ||||||
| Cayley was dead and his work died with him." | ||||||
| Sir Charles William Cayzer, 3rd baronet | ||||||
| Sir Charles, together with his butler, was found dead as a result of bullet wounds at his home | ||||||
| on 18 February 1940. It appears that Sir Charles killed the butler and then committed suicide. | ||||||
| The following report is taken from the 'Manchester Guardian' of 20 February 1940:- | ||||||
| 'It is now known that Sir Charles Cayzer, Conservative M.P. for Chester, whose death was | ||||||
| reported in the "Manchester Guardian" yesterday, was found shot with his butler in the butler's | ||||||
| pantry at his home, Kinpurnie Castle, Angus. Both men had died from gunshot wounds in the | ||||||
| head. | ||||||
| 'It is stated that members of the domestic staff heard two shots. On investigation they found | ||||||
| the butler, who was a London man named Benjamin Wexham, lying outstretched in one corner | ||||||
| of the pantry, while Sir Charles lay by the open door with a double-barrelled gun between his | ||||||
| knees. It was subsequently established that the gun had been taken from the gunroom, which | ||||||
| is opposite the pantry. | ||||||
| 'Sir Charles and Lady Cayzer had been out walking on the estate before the tragedy. During | ||||||
| the walk they met Sir Charles' head gamekeeper, to whom Sir Charles gave instructions | ||||||
| concerning some work which he wished carried out on the estate. | ||||||
| 'Some months ago Sir Charles suffered a nervous breakdown, but at the outbreak of war, | ||||||
| having formerly been a lieutenant in the 19th Hussars, he offered his services to the War Office | ||||||
| and was commissioned. Shortly afterwards he resigned on account of the state of his health.' | ||||||
| Sir Claude Champion de Crespigny, 4th baronet | ||||||
| The following is extracted from "The Emperor of the United States of America and Other | ||||||
| Magnificent British Eccentrics" by Catherine Caufield (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1981) | ||||||
| The perfect 'Boy's Own Paper' hero, Sir Claude Champion de Crespigny believed that 'where | ||||||
| there is a daring deed to be done in any part of the world, an Englishman should leap to | ||||||
| the front to accomplish it.' Though Sir Claude had a long and adventurous career, many of | ||||||
| his attempts to leap to the front were thwarted by bureaucrats opposed to his breakneck | ||||||
| schemes. In 1886 Stanley turned down his request to accompany his expedition on the | ||||||
| grounds that Sir Claude did not have enough experience of central Africa. This was | ||||||
| disappointing, but, in his own words, 'even more keenly have I had cause to regret my lot | ||||||
| in not being able to take part as a volunteer in several of our little African wars.' | ||||||
| Three years later, at age 42, Sir Claude went on his own to Egypt where there was a Dervish | ||||||
| uprising, but, in spite of his claim to be the war correspondent for the Sporting Times, he was | ||||||
| refused permission to go to the front. He tried to get over this disappointment by volunteering | ||||||
| for the Boer War. Earlier, he had failed to persuade Blondin, the man crossed Niagara Falls on | ||||||
| a tightrope, to let him take a turn on the high wire. On a trip to Havana, Sir Claude had to be | ||||||
| hauled out of a bullring before he could sustain serious injuries - not from a bull, but from the | ||||||
| spectators. Aficionados of the corrida had become impatient with Sir Claude's failure to grasp | ||||||
| its rules. Having confused the present spectacle with Wild West rodeos, Sir Claude had tied a | ||||||
| rope around the bull's testicles and rode it around the ring while he tugged on the rope. | ||||||
| Following family tradition, Sir Claude pursued a military career. He joined the navy at thirteen | ||||||
| and five years later transferred to the King's Royal Rifle Corps. He was stationed in Ireland, | ||||||
| took up steeplechasing and earned the nickname 'The Mad Rider'. Later he was sent to India | ||||||
| where he was introduced to the joys of big-game hunting. He was also an excellent swimmer | ||||||
| and sailed competitively. In 1883, Sir Claude and a partner became the first people to cross | ||||||
| the North Sea in a balloon. | ||||||
| Although he had broken fourteen bones before middle age, Sir Claude did not slow down much | ||||||
| as the years passed. At 42 he became the first European to swim the Nile rapids. When he was | ||||||
| 61 he walked the 45 miles from Champion Lodge in Essex to London on a wager of 2s 6d. He | ||||||
| steeplechased until he was 67. In 1920, at the age of 73 he challenged his cousin to a duel | ||||||
| and was sorely grieved that his challenge was rejected. | ||||||
| Sir Claude believed that fighting was a manly occupation and an indication of character. His | ||||||
| obituary in The Times notes that 'as a man of honour, he regretted the passing of the duel as | ||||||
| the proper means of obtaining satisfaction.' Men who applied to work at Champion Lodge had | ||||||
| first to box with their putative employer. Only those who showed spirit were considered. If he | ||||||
| came across a tramp, who looked reasonably fit, Sir Claude would invite to box for a meal. His | ||||||
| friends once dressed a professional boxer in rags and stationed him in Sir Claude's path. The | ||||||
| inevitable challenge was given and accepted, and Sir Claude was duly severely beaten. He | ||||||
| enjoyed the joke and continued to issue his challenges. | ||||||
| **************** | ||||||
| For many years, Sir Claude was known as 'The Hangman Baronet', due to the fact that when | ||||||
| he was Sheriff of Essex, he had taken his duties so seriously as to consider himself personally | ||||||
| responsible for the proper and satisfactory hanging of a convicted murderer. As Sheriff, he | ||||||
| was nominally entrusted in having the convicted man hanged, but although the actual | ||||||
| execution of the sentence was carried into effect by the official executioner, Sir Claude | ||||||
| mounted the scaffold with the executioner and the condemned man and supervised every | ||||||
| detail until the condemned man was launched into eternity. | ||||||
| Sir Vivian Tyrell Champion de Crespigny, 8th and last baronet | ||||||
| "The Times" of 5 March 1952:- | ||||||
| 'Major Sir Vivian Tyrell Champion de Crespigny, Bt., aged 44, was found dead, shot through the | ||||||
| the head, in his room at the officers' mess on Pulau Brani, an island off Singapore, this morning. | ||||||
| He was to have faced a court-martial in Singapore on Friday. The burial took place at Pasir | ||||||
| Panjang military cemetery today. He was the eighth and last baronet. | ||||||
| "The Daily Mail" of the same date reports that 'An Army spokesman said today that Major Sir | ||||||
| Vivian Tyrell Champion de Crespigny, 45 [sic], found earlier shot dead in Singapore, was to | ||||||
| have appeared at a court-martial on Friday on a charge of drunkenness. He was buried in the | ||||||
| military cemetery after the coroner had examined the body. Sir Vivian succeeded as eighth | ||||||
| baronet in 1947. His first marriage, in 1930, to Miss Barbara Helen Dobb, was dissolved in 1940. | ||||||
| His second, in 1943, to Miss Monica Fleming, was dissolved in 1947, and he then remarried his | ||||||
| first wife. This marriage was dissolved in 1951.' | ||||||
| The result of the inquest into his death was reported in "The Daily Mail" on 30 April 1952:- | ||||||
| 'A verdict of suicide was returned today at the inquest on Major Sir Vivian Tyrell Champion | ||||||
| de Crespigny, aged 44, who was found dead last month in the bathroom of his quarters on | ||||||
| Palau [sic] Brani, a small island near Singapore. Sir Vivian, the eighth baronet, was serving in | ||||||
| the Royal Army Service Corps. Evidence by his commanding officer revealed that the major had | ||||||
| been placed under open arrest since the middle of February.' | ||||||
| The special remainder to the baronetcy of Chapman created in 1782 | ||||||
| From the "London Gazette" of 5 February 1782 (issue 12268, page 1):- | ||||||
| 'The King has been pleased to order Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the | ||||||
| Kingdom of Ireland, containing a Grant of the Dignity of a Baronet of that Kingdom to Benjamin | ||||||
| Chapman, of St. Lucy in the County of Westmeath, Esq; and the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully | ||||||
| begotten, with Remainder to Sir Thomas Chapman, knight, Brother of the said Benjamin | ||||||
| Chapman Esq; and his Heirs Male.' | ||||||
| Sir Montagu Lowther Chapman, 3rd baronet | ||||||
| Sir Montagu was aboard a 96-ton schooner, the "Favorite," which sailed from Melbourne bound | ||||||
| for Sydney on 9 May 1852, but never arrived. No trace was ever found of the 21 people on | ||||||
| board, 13 passengers and a crew of eight. The schooner was last seen during bad weather | ||||||
| off Cape Howe, on the border between Victoria and New South Wales, and soon after this | ||||||
| final sighting, a heavy gale set in. | ||||||
| The following report appeared in 'The Standard' of 29 November 1852:- | ||||||
| 'Accounts have reached London from Australia, which, it is to be feared, leave little doubt | ||||||
| that Sir Montagu Chapman, Bart, late member for Westmeath, has perished at sea off the | ||||||
| coast, not far distant from Sydney. Sir Montagu, who is, or was the owner of an extensive | ||||||
| and unencumbered estate in that county [Westmeath] had purchased a vast tract of land in | ||||||
| New South Wales, upon which he had located some portion of his Irish tenantry, under very | ||||||
| favourable circumstances. About three or four years since he proceeded to the colony for | ||||||
| the double purpose of recruiting his health by the voyage, and of inspecting the progress made | ||||||
| by his agents in the arrangement of the property. Early in May last he left Sydney on a | ||||||
| coasting voyage. The vessel in which he proceeded, in company with his relative, Mr. | ||||||
| Fetherstone, a young gentleman also from the county of Westmeath, with some military officers | ||||||
| and other passengers, was last seen on the 17th of May, but since that time there have been | ||||||
| no tidings whatever of the vessel, and it is supposed that she has foundered at sea. Sir | ||||||
| Montagu Chapman was unmarried.' | ||||||
| A year after Sir Montagu's disappearance, 'The Morning Chronicle' of 18 May 1853 reported:- | ||||||
| 'A year having elapsed since the wreck of a vessel, in which Sir Montagu Chapman, Bart., had | ||||||
| been a passenger from Melbourne to Sydney, and all efforts to discover any traces of him | ||||||
| having failed, the members of his family have published an announcement of his death as having | ||||||
| occurred on the 17th of May, 1852. His brother, now Sir Benjamin Chapman, has assumed the | ||||||
| title, and will, of course, enter on possession of the extensive and valuable estates in this | ||||||
| country [Ireland] and also in Australia. The late Sir Montagu Chapman had been for a | ||||||
| considerable time one of the representatives for Westmeath; and when failing health had | ||||||
| induced him to retire, his place was worthily supplied by the present baronet. Although they | ||||||
| have ceased all connection with its representation, the Chapman family are still amongst the | ||||||
| most active leaders of the Liberal party in that county. The late baronet had purchased a very | ||||||
| large estate in Australia, which he had turned to the useful and benevolent purpose of settling, | ||||||
| in comfortable circumstances, such of his numerous Irish tenantry as were anxious to emigrate | ||||||
| to that fortunate region. A desire to look after their interests was one of the principal objects | ||||||
| which led him to proceed to Australia, where he met with so melancholy a fate.' | ||||||
| Sir John Corbin Chubb, 2nd baronet | ||||||
| The first baronet, Sir Cecil Herbert Edward Chubb, was the last private owner of Stonehenge. | ||||||
| He purchased it for £6,600 in 1915 from its previous owners, the Antrobus family, after the | ||||||
| last heir to the Antrobus estates had been killed in France during WW1. In October 1918, he | ||||||
| presented Stonehenge to the nation by a deed of gift. When he died in 1934, he was | ||||||
| succeeded in the baronetcy by his only son. The Wikipedia entry relating to the first baronet | ||||||
| states that, on his death in 1934, he left behind his wife and only daughter. This is somewhat | ||||||
| misleading, since it fails to mention his son, John Corbin Chubb. | ||||||
| Whereas the first baronet appears to have been a successful and public-spirited individual, the | ||||||
| same cannot, unfortunately, be said about his son. His first appearance in court occurred in | ||||||
| September 1937, when he was charged, together with a man named John Edward Howard, | ||||||
| with inciting a film director named Frederick Graves to steal £5,000 by means of a trick. | ||||||
| The following edited report of Sir John's subsequent trial appeared in "The Times" of 20 | ||||||
| November 1937:- | ||||||
| 'After a trial extending over two days Sir John Corbin Chubb, 33, of St. Mary Abbot's Court, | ||||||
| Kensington, and John Edward Howard, 56, secretary, of Brixton Road, S.W., were found Guilty | ||||||
| at the Central Criminal Court yesterday on an indictment charging them with unlawfully inciting | ||||||
| Frederick Beresford Johnstone Graves, a film director, living in Kensington, to conspire with | ||||||
| them and other persons to cheat and defraud such persons as might be induced to part with | ||||||
| money or valuable securities to them. | ||||||
| 'It was alleged by the prosecution that Sir John Chubb asked Mr. Graves if he would be | ||||||
| interested in doing some business with him, remarking that he wanted to find someone to | ||||||
| discount a bill for £5,000. Mr. Graves said he had a friend who might do this. The following | ||||||
| week Howard called on Mr. Graves and said he was a friend of Sir John Chubb. They both went | ||||||
| to Sir John's flat and the bill was discussed. It was arranged that the three of them should pay | ||||||
| a social visit to Mr. Graves's friend near Oxford and that the discounting of a bill should be | ||||||
| mentioned casually. | ||||||
| 'Mr. Graves's suspicions were aroused and he communicated with the police, and two detective | ||||||
| officers were concealed at his flat when a discussion took place between Mr. Graves and the | ||||||
| two defendants. | ||||||
| '[When] Sir John Chubb returned to the witness box [and was] questioned about the interview | ||||||
| when the police officers were concealed at the flat and it was alleged that proposals were | ||||||
| made to obtain money by confidence tricks from a friend of Mr. Graves, Sir John denied that | ||||||
| anything was discussed except the bill of exchange. Sir John said that Howard was explaining | ||||||
| to Mr. Graves what he had written about confidence tricks. The witness denied using any | ||||||
| language indicating that he would be a participator in fraud of any kind or that he ever | ||||||
| attempted to incite Mr. Graves to conspire with him to defraud anybody.' | ||||||
| Reading between the lines, it is more than likely that Sir John was heavily influenced by | ||||||
| Howard, who, according to evidence presented to the court, had nine previous convictions for | ||||||
| various offences including forgery, obtaining goods by false pretences, larceny, receiving, | ||||||
| conspiracy and house-breaking. The Recorder stated that he had no doubt at all that Howard | ||||||
| was the instigator, but at the same time Sir John could easily have refrained from participating | ||||||
| in Howard's scheme. His views were reflected in the sentences given - 6 months for Sir John | ||||||
| and 18 months for Howard. | ||||||
| Following a short-lived venture in promoting football pools, Sir John appeared in the Bankruptcy | ||||||
| Courts in August and November 1939. In February 1940, he attempted to obtain a discharge | ||||||
| from his bankruptcy, but his application was refused. At this hearing, the Assistant Official | ||||||
| Receiver commented that Sir John "exhibited a vacancy of mind and dullness of understanding | ||||||
| which might have been an assumed mask to conceal the reality of certain transactions. The | ||||||
| facts indicated that the debtor had been the tool of stronger willed and unscrupulous persons, | ||||||
| but they also showed that he had been a willing tool, ready to enter into any transactions | ||||||
| from which he could derive some pecuniary benefit without inquiring too closely into the nature | ||||||
| of the transactions or how the money obtained on the strength of his name was used." | ||||||
| When he refused the discharge, the Registrar of the Bankruptcy Court remarked that Sir John | ||||||
| "was either totally ignorant or that he had wilfully refused to be frank with the Court. He was | ||||||
| either a fool or a rogue." | ||||||
| Sir John was again before the Bankruptcy Courts in April 1943 and October 1949. When he died | ||||||
| in May 1957, the baronetcy became extinct. | ||||||
| Sir Simon Peter Clarke, 5th baronet [creation of 1617] | ||||||
| Sir Simon Clarke and Lieutenant Robert Arnott were tried and convicted of highway robbery | ||||||
| at the Winchester Assizes held in 1730. Both defendants were officers of the Royal Navy | ||||||
| at the time of the offence. | ||||||
| The Newgate Calendar states 'came on at Winchester, the trials of Sir Simon Clarke, Bart., | ||||||
| and Lieutenant Robert Arnott, who were convicted of a robbery on the highway. A numerous | ||||||
| concourse of gentry were present. Sir Simon made a most pathetic and moving speech, which | ||||||
| had such an effect, that there was scarce a dry eye in the court. The High Sheriff and Grand | ||||||
| Jury, considering the antiquity, worth and dignity of Sir Simon's ancestors, the services they | ||||||
| had done their king and country, together with the youth and melancholy circumstances of | ||||||
| that unhappy gentleman, agreed to address his Majesty in their behalf, upon which a reprieve | ||||||
| sine die, which implies for ever, was granted them.' | ||||||
| It seems that the petition to the King on their behalf was successful in saving them from the | ||||||
| death penalty, since, according to Cokayne's Complete Baronetage Sir Simon was punished | ||||||
| by being transported to Jamaica, where he died in 1736. | ||||||
| Sir Henry Augustus Clavering, 10th and last baronet | ||||||
| Sir Henry does not appear to have allowed perceived ill manners to go unpunished, as is | ||||||
| illustrated in the following report from 'The York Herald' of 23 August 1884:- | ||||||
| 'At Newcastle County Court on Monday [18 August 1884], an action was brought by Matthew | ||||||
| Houston, sculptor, Newcastle, against Sir Henry Clavering, Bart., Axwell Park, for damages for | ||||||
| an assault. The plaintiff stated that early on the morning of the 24th May he arrived by train | ||||||
| in the Central Station, Newcastle, and went to the first-class refreshment room for a cup of | ||||||
| coffee. Sir Henry Clavering was standing at the bar. Plaintiff twice complained to the barmaid of | ||||||
| the quality and price of the coffee. On the second occasion the barmaid was talking to Sir | ||||||
| Henry when he called her away. The defendant then came up and said "How dare you insult the | ||||||
| lady? I will put you out." Plaintiff replied, "I don't know so much about that." Before anything | ||||||
| further transpired Sir Henry seized him by the throat and forced him backwards on to the table. | ||||||
| He nipped plaintiff's throat so hard that it became painful, and Sir Henry showed no signs of | ||||||
| loosing his grip, two gentlemen came forward and took him away. Sir Henry said to him, "I am | ||||||
| the master of Axwell Park. I am 60 years of age, but I can teach you manners yet." After that | ||||||
| the defendant wanted to stand drinks, and make matters all right. Sir Henry Clavering said he | ||||||
| was not the first to interfere with the plaintiff, who was drunk and behaving like a maniac. | ||||||
| He came round to him (Sir Henry). Defendant remonstrated with him. The plaintiff raised his | ||||||
| hand as if he would strike, and it was then that he (defendant) seized him by the throat and | ||||||
| forced him back as described. His Honour said that technically Sir Henry had committed an | ||||||
| assault. He would have to pay £2 10s 6d., including costs.' | ||||||
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